Sally Sleeper is vice president, Army Research Division and director, RAND Arroyo Center. She was formerly director of Strategy, Doctrine, and Resources, a RAND Arroyo Center program. Previously, she supported the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense for Manufacturing and Industrial Base Policy as a senior advisor from July 2012 until rejoining RAND in March 2016. In this role, she developed strategy to assess and mitigate the impact of diminishing budgets on industry and their sub-tier supplier networks, which are integral to the force structure of DoD. She established the analytical process necessary to assess and establish policy, and meet the requirements of senior DoD leadership. She also worked to help improve DoD's global outreach and access to innovation, and led analysis efforts with foreign defense departments. From 2008 to 2012, she was the director of programs for the RAND Gulf States Policy Institute, with offices in New Orleans, LA, and Jackson, MS. Her research areas include organizational effectiveness, innovation and technology development, and program evaluation. Sleeper received a bachelor's degree in environmental design and planning from the University of Colorado at Boulder; an M.S. in policy analysis and public management from SUNY at Stony Brook; and a Ph.D. in organization science and economics from Carnegie Mellon University.