ResearchPosted on rand.org 2007Published In: Urologic Diseases In America / Edited By Mark S. Litwin and Christopher S. Saigal (Washington, D.C.: US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, 2007), Chapter 16, p. 533-551, NIH Pub. no. 07-5512
The true incidence of male urethral stricture disease is unknown, despite the fact that urethral strictures may have great negative impact on patients. The majority of stricture patients suffer from moderate complications such as irritative voiding symptoms, recurrent urinary tract infections, or the need for repeated urethral procedures (e.g., dilation or urethrotomy). A minority suffer severe sequelae such as acute urinary retention, renal failure, urethral carcinoma, Fournier's gangrene, or bladder failure resulting from long-standing obstruction. A table lists ICD-9 and CPT-4 codes used to identify urethral stricture disease and related procedures.
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