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Earth Sciences

Journal Article

Achievements and Needs for the Climate Change Scenario Framework

Over the past ten years, the climate change research community has developed a scenario framework combining alternative futures of climate and society to facilitate integrated research and consistent assessment to inform policy. Here we assess how well this framework is working and what challenges it faces.

Jan 6, 2021
Tool

Mid-Atlantic Regional Climate Impacts Summary and Outlook: Fall 2020

This climate summary aims to inform Mid-Atlantic policymakers and practitioners about fall 2020 weather, regional climate trends, and the upcoming winter season. A tool shows historic tropical cyclone tracks in the Mid-Atlantic from 1980 to 2020.

Dec 16, 2020
Journal Article

Health Effects of Heat Vulnerability in Rio De Janeiro: A Validation Model for Policy Applications

Here we investigate how to construct and validate a heat vulnerability index given uncertainty ranges in data for the city of Rio de Janeiro. We find that we can validate the heat vulnerability index against excess deaths during heat waves.

Nov 10, 2020
Tool

Mid-Atlantic Regional Climate Impacts Summary and Outlook: Summer 2020

This climate summary aims to inform Mid-Atlantic policymakers and practitioners about summer 2020 weather, regional climate trends, and the upcoming fall season. A tool shows historic and projected changes in warm daily minimum temperatures.

Sep 17, 2020
Tool

Mid-Atlantic Regional Climate Impacts Summary and Outlook: Spring 2020

This climate summary aims to inform Mid-Atlantic policymakers and practitioners about spring 2020 weather, regional climate trends, and the upcoming summer season. A tool shows historic and projected changes in the timing of spring temperatures.

Jun 19, 2020
Commentary

What Can the Coronavirus Teach Us About Preparing for a Heat Wave?

The occurrence of a heat wave during the pandemic may be the clearest example of an overlapping disaster in the near term, but we'll likely see more and more overlapping disasters brought about by a changing climate.

Jun 8, 2020
Journal Article

The Social Structure of Climate Change Research and Practitioner Engagement: Evidence from California

This study thus examines the perspectives and experiences of researchers regarding practitioner engagement, drawing from an original survey of California's climate research community and supplemental interviews.

May 15, 2020
Journal Article

Economic Losses from Extreme Weather in the U.S. Gulf Coast Region: Spatially Differential Contributions of Climate Hazard and Socioeconomic Exposure and Vulnerability

A novel socio-climate hazard typology (SCT) was developed that integrates locally defined climate hazard and socioeconomic exposure and social vulnerability typologies. We regressed the SCT types and their constituent hazard and socioeconomic components against the cumulative economic loss from extreme weather events in order to attribute economic losses to different interactions among climate hazards, socioeconomic exposure, and vulnerability.

May 12, 2020
Report

Environment, Geography, and the Future of Warfare

Some of the most significant environmental and geographic trends that could affect U.S. national security and the future of warfare are rising global temperatures, the opening of the Arctic, sea level rise, extreme weather events, water scarcity, and increasing urbanization.

May 11, 2020
Journal Article

Association Between Long-term Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Change in Quantitatively Assessed Emphysema and Lung Function

Long-term exposure to ambient air pollutants, especially O 3 , was significantly associated with increasing emphysema assessed quantitatively using CT imaging and with worsening lung function.

Apr 30, 2020
Journal Article

Vulnerability to the Cardiovascular Effects of Ambient Heat in Six U.S. Cities: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

In a changing climate with extreme heat events, it is important to understand the mechanisms by which heat affects health and who is vulnerable. This knowledge will allow better targeting of assistance and interventions, which could help people adapt.

Apr 30, 2020
Tool

Chesapeake Bay Watershed Climate Impacts Summary and Outlook: Winter 2019-2020

This web-based tool aims to inform Chesapeake Bay Watershed policymakers, practitioners, and community leaders on Winter 2019-2020 climate, as well as projected future climate trends. An interactive tool shows percentage change in freeze-thaw days.

Mar 23, 2020
Journal Article

Quantifying the Relationship Between Streamflow and Climate Change in a Small Basin Under Future Scenarios

This study focuses on simulating change in streamflow within a small basin under future land use/cover change and climate scenarios by integrating logistic regression-CA-Markov model and the Soil Water Assessment Tool model.

Mar 6, 2020
Journal Article

Sustainable Development in International Markets: A Metrics-Based Case Study

This research-based case takes a sustainable development approach by exploring social, environmental, and economic characteristics of a top global economy and an emerging economy.

Jan 28, 2020
Dissertation

Indian Summer: Three Essays on Heatwave Vulnerability, Estimation and Adaptation

Explores how future heatwaves in India may vary over time and geography and estimate the impact they might have on mortality.

Dec 23, 2019
Tool

Chesapeake Bay Watershed Climate Impacts Summary and Outlook: Fall 2019

This climate summary informs Chesapeake Bay stakeholders on Fall 2019's climate and weather as well as projected climate trends. Hurricane damage in the Mid-Atlantic and changes in hurricane frequency and intensity are shown in interactive figures.

Dec 17, 2019
Q&A

The Science of Climate Policy: Q&A with Benjamin Preston

Benjamin Preston, a senior policy researcher and director of RAND's Community Health and Environmental Policy Program, specializes in climate risk and adaptation, disaster recovery, and resilience. In this Q&A, he discusses common misperceptions about climate change and how to decarbonize the U.S. economy.

Oct 22, 2019
Tool

Chesapeake Bay Watershed Climate Impacts Summary and Outlook: Summer 2019

This web-based tool aims to inform Chesapeake Bay Watershed policymakers, practitioners, and community leaders on Summer 2019 climate, as well as projected future climate trends. Analysis of extreme heat data are shown on interactive figures.

Sep 18, 2019
Essay

How Citizen Scientists Are Protecting Their Communities

After Superstorm Sandy, residents of Brooklyn's Sunset Park neighborhood cleaned up debris, pumped out basements, and teamed up with researchers to find out what was in the floodwater. They established safety protocols to help local businesses prevent their chemicals from escaping and wrote a guide to help other communities.

Aug 29, 2019
Periodical

RAND Review: September-October 2019

This issue spotlights a wargame designed for young women interested in national security; ethics in scientific research, particularly in areas such as artificial intelligence and machine learning; and community citizen science.

Aug 26, 2019

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RAND Topic:
Earth Sciences

Topic Synonyms:
Geochemistry;
Geosciences

Research conducted by

RAND Social and Economic Well-Being