Alex H. Kral — Publications

Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use Among Injection Drug Users

2012
HIV Risks and Seroprevalence Among Mexican American Injection Drug Users in California

2011
Access to Sterile Syringes Through San Francisco Pharmacies and the Association with HIV Risk Behavior Among Injection Drug Users

2010
Approval of Syringe Exchange Programs in California: Results from a Local Approach to HIV Prevention

2008
Community Characteristics Associated with HIV Risk Among Injection Drug Users in the San Francisco Bay Area: A Multilevel Analysis

2007
Examination of the Association Between Syringe Exchange Program (SEP) Dispensation Policy and SEP Client-Level Syringe Coverage Among Injection Drug Users

2007
Higher Syringe Coverage Is Associated with Lower Odds of HIV Risk and Does Not Increase Unsafe Syringe Disposal Among Syringe Exchange Program Clients

2007
Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Testing Services at Syringe Exchange Programs: Availability and Outcomes

2007
The Impact of Legalizing Syringe Exchange Programs on Arrests Among Injection Drug Users in California

2007
Secondary Syringe Exchange Among Users of 23 California Syringe Exchange Programs

2006
Unmet Need for Recommended Preventive Health Services Among Clients of California Syringe Exchange Programs: Implications for Quality Improvement

2006
Condom Attitudes and Behaviors Among Injection Drug Users Participating in California Syringe Exchange Programs

2005
Police Crackdowns, Societal Cost, and the Need for Alternative Approaches

2005
Reducing Sexual Risk Among Injection Drug Users

2005
Sexual Risk Among Injection Drug Users Recruited from Syringe Exchange Programs in California

2005
Injection Risk Behaviors Among Clients of Syringe Exchange Programs with Different Syringe Dispensation Policies

2004
Sexual Relationships, Secondary Syringe Exchange, and Gender Differences in HIV Risk Among Drug Injectors

2004
Delivering Syringe Exchange Services Through Satellite Exchangers: The Sacramento Area Needle Exchange, USA

2003
What Is It About Needle and Syringe Programmes That Make Them Effective for Preventing HIV Transmission?

2003
Predictors and Prevention of Nonfatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Heroin Users in San Francisco Bay Area, 1998-1999

2001
Sexual Transmission of HIV-1 Among Injection Drug Users in San Francisco, USA: Risk-Factor Analysis

2001
Trends in HIV Seroprevalence and Risk Among Gay and Bisexual Men Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco, 1988 to 2000

2001
The Effect of Syringe Exchange Use on High-Risk Injection Drug Users: A Cohort Study

2000
High Prevalence of Abscesses and Cellulitis Among Community-Recruited Injection Drug Users in San Francisco

2000
Collateral Damage in the War on Drugs: HIV Risk Among Injection Drug Users

1999
Drug Paraphernalia Laws and Injection-Related Infectious Disease Risk Among Drug Injectors

1999
Risk Factors Among IDUs Who Give Injections to or Receive Injections from Other Drug Users

1999

U.S. research divisions

International research divisions

Alex H. Kral — Publications

Nonmedical Prescription Drug Use Among Injection Drug Users

HIV Risks and Seroprevalence Among Mexican American Injection Drug Users in California

Access to Sterile Syringes Through San Francisco Pharmacies and the Association with HIV Risk Behavior Among Injection Drug Users

Approval of Syringe Exchange Programs in California: Results from a Local Approach to HIV Prevention

Community Characteristics Associated with HIV Risk Among Injection Drug Users in the San Francisco Bay Area: A Multilevel Analysis

Examination of the Association Between Syringe Exchange Program (SEP) Dispensation Policy and SEP Client-Level Syringe Coverage Among Injection Drug Users

Higher Syringe Coverage Is Associated with Lower Odds of HIV Risk and Does Not Increase Unsafe Syringe Disposal Among Syringe Exchange Program Clients

Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Testing Services at Syringe Exchange Programs: Availability and Outcomes

The Impact of Legalizing Syringe Exchange Programs on Arrests Among Injection Drug Users in California

Secondary Syringe Exchange Among Users of 23 California Syringe Exchange Programs

Unmet Need for Recommended Preventive Health Services Among Clients of California Syringe Exchange Programs: Implications for Quality Improvement

Condom Attitudes and Behaviors Among Injection Drug Users Participating in California Syringe Exchange Programs

Police Crackdowns, Societal Cost, and the Need for Alternative Approaches

Reducing Sexual Risk Among Injection Drug Users

Sexual Risk Among Injection Drug Users Recruited from Syringe Exchange Programs in California

Injection Risk Behaviors Among Clients of Syringe Exchange Programs with Different Syringe Dispensation Policies

Sexual Relationships, Secondary Syringe Exchange, and Gender Differences in HIV Risk Among Drug Injectors

Delivering Syringe Exchange Services Through Satellite Exchangers: The Sacramento Area Needle Exchange, USA

What Is It About Needle and Syringe Programmes That Make Them Effective for Preventing HIV Transmission?

Predictors and Prevention of Nonfatal Overdose Among Street-Recruited Injection Heroin Users in San Francisco Bay Area, 1998-1999

Sexual Transmission of HIV-1 Among Injection Drug Users in San Francisco, USA: Risk-Factor Analysis

Trends in HIV Seroprevalence and Risk Among Gay and Bisexual Men Who Inject Drugs in San Francisco, 1988 to 2000

The Effect of Syringe Exchange Use on High-Risk Injection Drug Users: A Cohort Study

High Prevalence of Abscesses and Cellulitis Among Community-Recruited Injection Drug Users in San Francisco

Collateral Damage in the War on Drugs: HIV Risk Among Injection Drug Users

Drug Paraphernalia Laws and Injection-Related Infectious Disease Risk Among Drug Injectors

Risk Factors Among IDUs Who Give Injections to or Receive Injections from Other Drug Users