Demand for higher education has risen rapidly in recent years. A large portion of this growth has been concentrated in the developing world. Despite limited resources for public higher education, governments and institutions developed a number of mechanisms to maintain access to higher education. There has been a resurgence in support for higher education as a crucial tool for development. It is becoming increasingly recognized that a robust higher education sector is needed to prevent brain drain and develop tomorrow's leaders and innovators. Domestic budgets for higher education have increased across the developing world, and there is renewed support for expanding access to higher education by lowering or eliminating student fees. This systematic review aims to synthesize the evidence on the effectiveness of various approaches to higher education provision in increasing access, quality and completion for students in developing countries.
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