Ice Multiplication in the Atmosphere.

Lloyd Randall Koenig

Expert InsightsPublished 1967

It is concluded that some multiplication process was responsible for the high concentration of ice particles revealed by data on the composition of unpolluted, unseeded stratocumulus and nimbostratus clouds having temperatures warmer than -9 deg C. Since moderately large drops were present in the glaciating clouds, the data are consistent with a process whereby drops are frozen and splintered; however, other evidence casts doubt on this view, and other hypotheses are examined. Freezing of drops by a stochastic process is untenable, but a mechanical fracturing process merits additional study. Suggestions are offered for other types of data needed to identify the mechanism. 24 pp. Bibliog.

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Koenig, Lloyd Randall, Ice Multiplication in the Atmosphere. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1967. https://www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P3623.html.
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