New Departures in Social Services.
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Broadly defined, social services are those noncash resources made available under public auspices or as a result of public financing for the furtherance of society's goals. These goals are the protection of incompetents, the improvement of consumer choice, the enhancement of social functioning, the advance of equal opportunity, and the establishment of minimum material adequacy. Once the political process has generated decisions on the resource commitments and the programs that fall under each objective, the institutional arrangement for furthering the goal can be selected from among the four types: government production, contractor production, individual benefits, and cash transfers. Individual benefits and cash transfers have substantial advantages over the first two methods in preserving free choice and in maintaining economic efficiency. However, since the individualized benefit approach would be a radical departure in many areas, such as education, a series of demonstrations of the system should be conducted before any large-scale implementation. 12 pp.
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