On Innovation, Social Change, and Reality.
ResearchPublished 1972
Innovation in social affairs is a far more complex and demanding process than one might believe. Not only are there many excellent general reasons why an apparently rational or absolutely necessary innovation either fails to be realized or is incorporated in totally unforeseen ways, there are also important specific reasons, associated with individual contexts where innovation is undertaken, that must be taken into account. Ignoring the important idea of the quid pro quo, making facile assumptions about the clarity and importance of the proposed changes, and failing to account for a range of reactions and distortions of implementation may spell disaster to a would-be innovator. Innovation can be conceived as a four-step process that includes initiation, reaction or rejection, partial incorporation, and diffusion phases. Each phase presents different problems and each must be considered explicitly if an innovation is to conclude as intended. 9 pp. (Author)
Document Details
- Copyright: RAND Corporation
- Availability: Available
- Year: 1972
- Print Format: Paperback
- Paperback Pages: 9
- Paperback Price: $20.00
- Document Number: P-4876
Citation
RAND Style Manual
Chicago Manual of Style
Brewer, Garry D., On Innovation, Social Change, and Reality. RAND Corporation, P-4876, 1972. As of September 13, 2024: https://www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P4876.html
Brewer, Garry D., On Innovation, Social Change, and Reality. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1972. https://www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P4876.html. Also available in print form.
This publication is part of the RAND paper series. The paper series was a product of RAND from 1948 to 2003 that captured speeches, memorials, and derivative research, usually prepared on authors' own time and meant to be the scholarly or scientific contribution of individual authors to their professional fields. Papers were less formal than reports and did not require rigorous peer review.
This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited; linking directly to this product page is encouraged. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial purposes. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.
RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.