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First of a series of reports on cybernetics in the USSR, where cybernetics is so broadly defined as to be an important indicator of R&D progress in general. The work and personnel of two major centers, the Institute of Automation and Remote Control and the Central Mathematical Economics Institute, are detailed, and the Academy of Sciences' annual reviews of cybernetics achievements by over 60 institutions are summarized. In 1964-1967, the Academy treated cybernetics as one of the four major divisions of science and technology, parallel with social sciences, physical-technical and mathematical sciences, and chemical-technical and biological sciences. Since 1968, this emphasis has decreased drastically, although the two institutional Lenin Prizes for 1969 were awarded for cybernetics. The award to the Institute of Automation and Remote Control, together with the decline in its open publications, suggests that much of its work may now be classified. Several extensive bibliographies are included.
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