[Soviet Cybernetics Review], Vol. 3, No. 4.

Wade B. Holland

ResearchPublished 1973

Over 100 organizations in 6 countries worked on the compatible Ryad ES computers. Hungary produced the ES-1010 (10,000 operations/sec); USSR and Bulgaria, ES-1020 (20,000); Czechoslovakia, ES-1021 (45,000); USSR and Poland, ES-1030 (100,000); GDR, ES-1040 (500,000); and USSR, ES-1050 (500,000) and planned ES-1060 (2,000,000). Most were exhibited in Moscow with over 100 peripherals of standard design. ES machines handle FORTRAN, COBOL, RPG, PL/1, and assertedly can run IBM 360 application programs unchanged. Bulgaria, which imported computers in 1972, now exports tape and disk memories. Hungary uses a truck-mounted ES-1010 for computing and teaching. Also discussed: Poland's National Data System, Ekran graphics system, space systems, Russian system research, agricultural management systems, automated supply accounting, SIMPR modular programming, MIS' untapped potential, a year's futile attempts to have a nonfunctioning new Iskra-11M computer repaired, and wage code unfairness to research and design workers. 58 pp.

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  • Copyright: RAND Corporation
  • Availability: Web Only
  • Year: 1973
  • Pages: 58
  • Document Number: R-1190/4

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Holland, Wade B., [Soviet Cybernetics Review], Vol. 3, No. 4. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1973. https://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R1190z4.html.
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