[Soviet Cybernetics Review], Vol. 4, No. 3.

Wade B. Holland

ResearchPublished 1974

This issue of the RAND journal of translations and information on Soviet and allied computing and cybernetics is completely devoted to cataloging all available information on the ES (Unified System) of computers and peripherals. Almost exactly ten years ago, one of the highest officials of the USSR Academy of Sciences leaked to [SCR] the decision to develop a family of third-generation computers closely patterned after the IBM/360. The official history places the decision in December 1969, at least five years later--the signing of a cooperative agreement between the USSR, Bulgaria, Hungary, the GDR, Poland and Czechoslovakia (Cuba has been added since). In 1971-1972, repeated announcements that the series was imminently available led to disappointment and dissension among the East European participants. The line was officially unveiled with remarkably little fanfare in May 1973, with very little of the displayed equipment in operation. Comprehensive descriptions have not been published; information was pieced together from many sources. 58 pp.

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Holland, Wade B., [Soviet Cybernetics Review], Vol. 4, No. 3. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 1974. https://www.rand.org/pubs/reports/R1500z3.html.
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