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Estonia

Report

NATO's Northeastern Flank: Emerging Opportunities for Engagement

This report examines the impact of renewed tension between NATO and Russia on key allies and partners in central and northeastern Europe to identify how changes in their interests, strategies, and capabilities affect U.S. partnering in the region.

Jun 20, 2017
Commentary

NATO: Prepared for Countering Disinformation Operations in the Baltic States?

NATO alliance countries deploying to the Baltics should prepare to deal with increasing levels of disinformation. An open and robust communication strategy could be crucial in tackling a sophisticated Russian disinformation campaign aimed at disrupting support for these deployments.

Jun 7, 2017
Testimony

Testimony

Deterring Russian Aggression in the Baltic States: What it Takes to Win: Addendum

Document submitted April 17, 2017, as an addendum to testimony before the House Armed Services Committee, Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces on March 1, 2017.

May 2, 2017
Multimedia

Limiting Regret and Deterring Russian Aggression in the Baltic States

Testimonies presented before the House Armed Services Committee, Subcommittee on Tactical Air and Land Forces on March 1, 2017.

Mar 1, 2017
Testimony

What It Takes to Deter Russian Aggression in the Baltics

The United States and NATO face several challenges in deterring Russia in the Baltics. Solving these is vital to achieving core U.S. objectives in Europe. The first step is to ensure that NATO can stay in the game and deny Moscow an easy strategic victory.

Mar 1, 2017
Report

The Potential for Russian Hybrid Warfare in the Baltics

Russia would likely have trouble using nonviolent tactics to destabilize the Baltics. Covert violent action is also unlikely to succeed on its own. Thus, the Baltics' main vulnerability is Russia's local superiority in conventional forces.

Feb 23, 2017
Report

Report

Smarter Power, Stronger Partners, Volume II: Trends in Force Projection Against Potential Adversaries

This book describes scenarios to test whether the anti-access and area-denial threat to U.S. force projection is growing more severe. They describe plausible U.S. and adversary military actions given current operational capabilities and approaches.

Feb 8, 2017
Commentary

'If You Want Peace, Prepare for Resistance'

The government of Lithuania issued a guide on how its citizens can resist a potential Russian invasion and occupation. Resistance is a key element of the “Total Defense” strategy which all three Baltic states have been pursuing to varying degrees, spurred on by Russian aggression in Crimea and elsewhere.

Nov 22, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Paper Wargames and Policy Making: Filling the Baltic Gap or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the D6

RAND has a long backstory in wargaming.

Oct 5, 2016
Multimedia

Rethinking Russia's Threat to NATO

A series of wargames examined the probable outcome of a Russian invasion of the Baltic states. The wargames showed that a near-term Russian invasion could reach the Estonian and Latvian capitals in less than 60 hours.

Sep 30, 2016
Content

A New Era in Relations with Russia

In the last decade, Russia has revamped its military, invaded two neighboring countries, intervened on behalf of President Bashar al Assad in Syria, and threatened NATO with nuclear saber rattling, aerial incursions, and military exercises.

Sep 21, 2016
Commentary

NATO Decides to 'Troop the Colours' As Symbol of Deterrence in the Baltics

At its Warsaw summit in July, NATO agreed to establish a permanent rotating presence of its troops in Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. The decision may be interpreted as NATO's commitment to take its Baltic members' concerns seriously.

Jul 28, 2016
Report

Opportunities for Enhanced Partnering on NATO's Northeastern Flank

U.S. defense engagement priorities in Europe are shifting in the face of Russian aggression. By engaging strategically on NATO's northeastern flank, the United States can strengthen deterrence while minimizing inadvertent escalation.

Jul 7, 2016
Commentary

In Defense of a Wargame: Bolstering Deterrence on NATO's Eastern Flank

A series of wargames examined the potential results of a Russian invasion of the Baltic states. While such an invasion appears unlikely, its consequences would be so dangerous that not taking steps to deter it more robustly would be imprudent.

Jun 14, 2016
Report

Unconventional Options for the Defense of the Baltic States

Unconventional options from the Swiss defense strategy during the Cold War could benefit Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. These include training and equipping local defense units and preparing transportation infrastructure for demolition to prevent an invasion.

Feb 5, 2016
Report

Wargaming the Defense of the Baltics

A series of wargames examined the threat Russia may present to the three Baltic republics. As currently postured, NATO could not defend the territory. What might be done to prevent Russia from attempting to reclaim it?

Jan 29, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

A Case of Partial Convergence: The Europeanization of Central Government in Central and Eastern Europe

This article compares the Europeanization of central government in four Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs): Estonia, Latvia, Poland, and Slovakia.

Dec 5, 2014