Report
The Impact of Mindfulness Meditation Programs on Performance-Related Outcomes: Implications for the U.S. Army
This report presents results from a systematic review and meta-analyses of research examining how mindfulness meditation affects 13 performance-related outcomes of interest to the U.S. Army and broader military.
May 10, 2022
Journal Article
Reopening California: Seeking Robust, Non-Dominated COVID-19 Exit Strategies
This paper uses simulation models and the Robust Decision Making (RDM) approach to stress-test California's reopening strategy and other alternatives over a wide range of futures.
Nov 5, 2021
Journal Article
Black and White Differences in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Screening Outcomes: A Narrative Review
Higher rates of colorectal cancer incidence among black patients are primarily driven by lower rates of colorectal cancer screening. Our findings highlight the need to increase black patients' access to quality screening to reduce colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.
May 27, 2021
Report
Reopening Under Uncertainty: Stress-Testing California's COVID-19 Exit Strategy
Researchers used the Robust Decision Making approach to stress-test California's response to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Perspective presents lessons learned from these experiments and outlines four characteristics of the best reopening strategies.
May 10, 2021
Journal Article
The Relationship Between Engagement in Online Support Groups and Social Isolation Among Military Caregivers: Longitudinal Questionnaire Study
It is unclear how well online groups reduce social isolation and improve mental health among military caregivers. This study focused on members of a new online community for military caregivers, compared with caregivers who were members of existing groups.
Apr 29, 2020
Report
Industrial Cancers in California's Workers' Compensation System: Evidence on Earnings Losses and Disability Benefits
In this report, the authors conduct an empirical analysis of earnings losses, disability ratings, and benefit payments for occupational cancer claims in the California workers' compensation system.
Jan 31, 2020
Report
2017 U.S. Air Force Community Feedback Tool: Key Results Report for Air Force Headquarters
This report presents results from a self-reported needs assessment of airmen, spouses of airmen, and Air Force civilian employees intended to help leadership and service providers better address the major challenges that community members are facing.
Nov 14, 2019
Report
Gender Differences in Response to Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment: A Systematic Review
If men and women respond differently to treatments for alcohol use disorder, this would be important to consider in treatment selection. The authors of this systematic review sought to synthesize evidence for gender differences in treatment effects.
Nov 6, 2019
Report
An Implementation and Impact Evaluation of From Coverage to Care
The authors present their analysis of From Coverage to Care's effectiveness in meeting its goals of helping consumers understand their health insurance and connect to care and supporting organizations as they aid consumers in this process.
Nov 5, 2019
Journal Article
Characteristics of Chiropractic Patients Being Treated for Chronic Low Back and Neck Pain
This study describes the characteristics of a large sample of chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain patients in the United States who use chiropractic care for their chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain.
2018
Journal Article
Accounting for Misclassification in Electronic Health Records-derived Exposures Using Generalized Linear Finite Mixture Models
Exposures derived from EHRs may be misclassified, leading to biased estimates of their association with outcomes of interest: finite mixture models can correct biases with no loss of efficiency.
Dec 7, 2017
Journal Article
Building Capacity for Continuous Quality Improvement (CQI): A Pilot Study
We designed and tested the feasibility, effectiveness, and sustainability of CQI approaches in substance use disorder treatment settings
Oct 1, 2017
Journal Article
Follow-up of Positive Fecal Test Results: Sooner Is Better, but How Much Better?
Patients prefer less invasive approaches such as fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for colorectal cancer screening, but the effectiveness of FIT depends on annual screenings for those with negative test results and colonoscopy if FIT tests are positive.
May 23, 2017
Journal Article
Effect of Time to Diagnostic Testing for Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Abnormalities on Screening Efficacy: A Modeling Study
Even relatively small delays in diagnostic testing after an abnormal cancer screening test can reduce screening effectiveness, though the impact varies by cancer type.
2017
Journal Article
Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Each of the diagnostics for colorectal cancer has a different level of evidence supporting its ability to detect cancer and associated risks of serious adverse effects. More research is needed to clarify the evidence base.
Oct 12, 2016
Journal Article
Follow-up of Abnormal Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening by Race/Ethnicity
Follow-up was more prompt for women with abnormal mammograms than for women with abnormal fecal occult blood testing or fecal immunochemical tests.
Oct 10, 2016
Journal Article
Influence of Age and Comorbidity on Colorectal Cancer Screening in the Elderly
Screening for colorectal cancer would benefit from re-evaluation of age-based guidelines as well as improved screening completion among the elderly.
Sep 13, 2016
Journal Article
Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force
This study systematically reviewed the evidence on the effectiveness, diagnostic accuracy, and harms of colonoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy, computed tomographic colonography, and stool tests for colorectal cancer screening.
Jun 27, 2016
Journal Article
Association Between Primary Care Visits and Colorectal Cancer Screening Outcomes in the Era of Population Health Outreach
Patients who visited their primary care provider one or more times were almost twice as likely to be screened for colorectal cancer and about 30 percent more likely receive a follow-up colonoscopy after a positive screening result.
Jun 24, 2016
Journal Article
Estimation of Benefits, Burden, and Harms of Colorectal Cancer Screening Strategies: Modeling Study for the US Preventive Services Task Force
Comparative modeling of colorectal cancer screening methods for previously unscreened adults found that the use of four strategies over different intervals between the ages of 50 and 75 years yielded a comparable balance of benefit and burden.
Jun 21, 2016
Journal Article
Risks Associated with Anesthesia Services During Colonoscopy
Risk of complications within 30 days of a colonoscopy increases with the use of anesthesia services.
Apr 22, 2016
Journal Article
Time to Colonoscopy After Positive Fecal Blood Test in Four U.S. Health Care Systems
To reduce colorectal cancer mortality, positive fecal blood tests must be followed by colonoscopy.
Feb 22, 2016
Journal Article
Calibration of the Spanish PROMIS Smoking Item Banks
The goal of this study is to evaluate the performance of the Spanish version of the PROMIS smoking item banks as compared to the original banks developed in English.
Feb 12, 2016
Journal Article
Cancer Models and Real-World Data: Better Together
This study examines the synergies that exist between decision-analytic models and health care utilization data that are increasingly accessible through research networks that assemble data from the growing number of electronic medical record systems.
Feb 1, 2016
Journal Article
Validation of Models Used to Inform Colorectal Cancer Screening Guidelines: Accuracy and Implications
We validated 3 colorectal cancer (CRC) microsimulation models against outcomes from the United Kingdom Flexible Sigmoidoscopy Screening (UKFSS) Trial, a randomized controlled trial that examined the effectiveness of one-time flexible sigmoidoscopy screening to reduce CRC mortality.
Jan 26, 2016
Journal Article
Variation in Screening Abnormality Rates and Follow-Up of Breast, Cervical and Colorectal Cancer Screening Within the PROSPR Consortium
This study characterizes variation in screening abnormality rates and timely initial follow-up for common cancer screening tests.
Jan 5, 2016
Journal Article
Cohort Restriction Based on Prior Enrollment: Examining Potential Biases in Estimating Cancer and Mortality Risk
This paper investigates the potential for selection bias, to assess whether restricting cohort studies based on prior enrollment created a cohort with a different risk of cancer or death than the full enrollee population.
2016
Journal Article
Discussion of "A Risk-Based Measure of Time-Varying Prognostic Discrimination for Survival Models," by C. Jason Liang and Patrick J. Heagerty
This article discusses a proposed risk-based measure of time-varying discrimination for determining the value of predictors in time-to-event models.
2016
Report
Current and Projected Characteristics and Unique Health Care Needs of the Patient Population Served by the Department of Veterans Affairs
Veterans who rely on Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) health care are older and less healthy than other veterans. Analysis of a range of data sources showed how the veteran population and demand for VA health care could change in the next decade.
Dec 31, 2015
Report
Resources and Capabilities of the Department of Veterans Affairs to Provide Timely and Accessible Care to Veterans
The Department of Veterans Affairs health care system, with broad resources and capabilities, provides timely and high-quality care to most, but not all, patients. Meeting veterans' needs over the next five years will require additional capacity.
Dec 31, 2015
Journal Article
Misclassification of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) Mammographic Density and Implications for Breast Density Reporting Legislation
The aim of this study was to assess reproducibility of the four-category Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System [BI-RADS] density measure and examine its relationship with a continuous measure of percent density.
Jul 14, 2015
Journal Article
Prevalence of Colonoscopy Before Age 50
Colonoscopy before age 50 is increasingly common.
Mar 1, 2015