Journal Article
Income as a Predictor of Self-Efficacy for Managing Pain and for Coping With Symptoms Among Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain
The purpose of this study was to evaluate pain self-efficacy (PSE) and coping self-efficacy (CSE) for people with chronic low back pain, and to assess whether lower income may be associated with less PSE and CSE in the U.S.
2021
Draft
A Systemic Framework for Understanding the Dynamics of Rural Communities in America
Describes a basic, multi-level framework for mapping the system of factors and mechanisms that most influence positive and negative outcomes in rural communities.
Oct 23, 2019
Journal Article
Experiences With Chiropractic Care for Patients With Low Back or Neck Pain
This study provides information on the experiences of a national sample of chiropractic patients in the United States with chronic pain.
Jun 10, 2019
Journal Article
Researching the Appropriateness of Care in the Complementary and Integrative Health Professions: Part I
In this series of articles, we describe how we gathered the varied and detailed data required to achieve the following study objectives: (1) to measure the appropriateness of M/M for CLBP and CCP and (2) to determine whether patient preferences and costs affect appropriateness, and further, whether appropriateness affects outcomes.
Jun 10, 2019
Journal Article
Coping and Management Techniques Used by Chronic Low Back Pain Patients Receiving Treatment From Chiropractors
Persons with chronic back pain were proactive in their coping strategies and frequently used self-care coping strategies like those provided by chiropractors in patient education. In alignment with patients' beliefs that their condition was chronic and lifelong, many patients attempted a wide range of coping strategies to relieve their pain.
2019
Journal Article
Group and Individual-level Change on Health-related Quality of Life in Chiropractic Patients With Chronic Low Back or Neck Pain
This study suggests some benefits of chiropractic on functioning and well-being of patients with low back pain or neck pain.
2019
Journal Article
Researching the Appropriateness of Care in the Complementary and Integrative Health Professions: Part 5: Selection, Protection, and Abstraction
Of the records abstracted, many revealed incomplete provider documentation regarding the details of and rationale for care. Better documentation and more standardized record keeping would facilitate future research using patient records.
2019
Journal Article
Researching the Appropriateness of Care in the Complementary and Integrative Health Professions: Part 4: Putting Practice Back Into Evidence-based Practice by Recruiting Clinics and Patients
This study found that clinics can be successfully recruited for practice-based studies, and patients can be recruited using iPads. Obtaining patient records presents considerable challenges, and clinics varied in whether they had electronic files, nonelectronic records, or a mixture.
2019
Journal Article
Researching the Appropriateness of Care in the Complementary and Integrative Health Professions: Part 3: Designing Instruments With Patient Input
This article documents the challenges and the efforts involved in designing data collection tools to facilitate the inclusion of patient data into appropriateness decisions.
2019
Journal Article
Perceptual and Structural Facilitators and Barriers to Becoming a Surgeon: A Qualitative Study of African-American and Latino Surgeons
The path to a surgical career for African-Americans and Latinos is heavily influenced by mentors who can help mediate their integration into surgical culture and engender a sense of belonging.
Jun 29, 2018
Journal Article
The Challenge of Determining Appropriate Care in the Era of Patient-Centered Care and Rising Health Care Costs
The goal of health care is to ensure that patients receive the right care for the right patient for the right problem at the right time from the right provider. Inappropriate care is costly. The challenge is to define and increase delivery of appropriate care.
2018
Journal Article
Characteristics of Chiropractic Patients Being Treated for Chronic Low Back and Neck Pain
This study describes the characteristics of a large sample of chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain patients in the United States who use chiropractic care for their chronic low back pain and chronic neck pain.
2018
Journal Article
Using Beta-Version Mhealth Technology for Team-Based Care Management to Support Stroke Prevention: An Assessment of Utility and Challenges
Care management technology can support collaborative, team-based models of care - e.g., helping care managers and community health workers to collect data, develop a care plan, and track risk factors, among other benefits.
Jul 12, 2017
Journal Article
Using a "Positive Deviance" Framework to Discover Adaptive Risk Reduction Behaviors Among High-Risk HIV Negative Black Men Who Have Sex with Men
Some young black men who have sex with men, otherwise at high risk for HIV infection due to drug use and other behaviors, make strategic decisions that help keep them HIV negative.
Jun 6, 2017
Journal Article
A Qualitative Inquiry on Palliative and End-of-Life Care Policy Reform
Despite recent broad interest in reforming end-of-life care policies, the palliative care field faces many challenges to expanding use.
Apr 20, 2016
Journal Article
Complexity in Redesigning Depression Care: Comparing Intention Versus Implementation of an Automated Depression Screening and Monitoring Program
An automated depression screening program reduced barriers to patients' receiving guideline-recommended depression care.
Apr 12, 2016
Journal Article
Fostering a Commitment to Quality: Best Practices in Safety-Net Hospitals
To support efforts at the recently opened Martin Luther King, Jr. Community Hospital in Los Angeles to develop a culture of quality, a team of scholars identified best practices based on interviews with high-performing hospital systems.
Mar 14, 2016
Journal Article
Identifying Best Practices for "Safe Harbor" Legislation to Protect Child Sex Trafficking Victims: Decriminalization Alone Is Not Sufficient
This study examines the effectiveness of Safe Harbor laws in protecting child sex trafficking victims.
Jan 22, 2016
Journal Article
Long Journey Home: Family Reunification Experiences of the Disappeared Children of El Salvador
Between 2005 and 2009, we conducted semi-structured interviews with twenty-six children, now young adults aged twenty-four to thirty-four years, who had been reunited with their biological families.
Jul 16, 2015
Journal Article
Incarcerated Youths' Perspectives on Protective Factors and Risk Factors for Juvenile Offending: A Qualitative Analysis
Juvenile offenders admit bad judgment but think a better path is still achievable.
Jul 1, 2015
Report
Care Transitions to and from the National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE) for Service Members with Traumatic Brain Injury
The National Intrepid Center of Excellence (NICoE) provides specialized services for troops suffering from traumatic brain injury (TBI). RAND evaluated interactions between the NICoE and providers referring patients and implementing treatment plans.
May 7, 2015
Journal Article
Grandparenting Experiences Among Adults with a History of Depression: A Mixed-Methods Study
Grandparenting is an important social role, but how adults with a history of depression experience grandparenting is unknown; we describe grandparenting experiences reported by an ethnically diverse sample of adults with a history of depression.
Mar 10, 2015
Journal Article
Risk Evaluations and Condom Use Decisions of Homeless Youth: A Multi-Level Qualitative Investigation
Interventions targeting homeless youth should reflect multiple levels of risk behavior and evaluation in order to address the diversity of risk profiles.
Feb 25, 2015
Journal Article
Understanding Condom Use Decision Making Among Homeless Youth Using Event-Level Data
This is one of the first qualitative event-based studies to understand the various mechanisms through which multiple factors influence condom use decision making among homeless youth.
Nov 26, 2014
Journal Article
Data-driven Decision-Making Tools to Improve Public Resource Allocation for Care and Prevention of HIV/AIDS
Public health agencies face difficult decisions when allocating scarce resources to control the spread of HIV/AIDS. Decisions are often made with few local empirical data.
Mar 1, 2014
Research Brief
Improving Programs that Address Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury: The RAND Toolkit
RAND developed a set of four tools to assist with understanding, evaluating, and improving performance of programs that address psychological health and traumatic brain injuries among service members.
Jan 8, 2014
Report
A Program Manager's Guide for Program Improvement in Ongoing Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury Programs: The RAND Toolkit, Volume 4
The RAND Program Manager's Guide is a tool to help those responsible for managing or implementing programs to assess program performance, consider improvement options, implement solutions, and assess how well the changes worked.
Jan 8, 2014
Journal Article
Older Depressed Latinos' Experiences with Primary Care Visits for Personal, Emotional And/Or Mental Health Problems: A Qualitative Analysis
Findings emphasize the importance of key features for shaping the context leading up to primary care visits for help-seeking for mental health problems.
2014
Journal Article
Measuring Agreement Between Egos and Alters: Understanding Informant Accuracy in Personal Network Studies
In personal network studies, respondents (egos) are asked to report information about members of their personal network (alters); egos respond based on their perceptions.
2014
Journal Article
To Use or Not to Use: A Stage-Based Approach to Understanding Condom Use Among Homeless Youth
This study used a stage-based approach to understand condom use behavior in a representative sample of 309 sexually active homeless youth recruited from shelters, drop-in centers, and street sites in Los Angeles County.
2014
Journal Article
Qualitative Factors in Patients Who Die Shortly After Emergency Department Discharge
Early death after emergency department (ED) discharge may signal opportunities to improve care.
Aug 1, 2013
Journal Article
The Top Patient Safety Strategies That Can Be Encouraged for Adoption Now
This paper describes the first phase of a three-phase effort to conduct an evidence-based assessment of patient safety strategies. The paper describes a framework for reviewing existing studies and prospectively evaluating new studies of the implementation of patient safety practices.
Mar 1, 2013
Journal Article
A Qualitative Analysis of the Effects of Depression and Antidepressants on Physical and Work Functioning Among Antiretroviral Therapy Clients in Uganda
Depression plays a role in the deleterious effects of HIV on functioning, and antidepressant treatment provided alongside ART may serve to help individuals regain functioning, particularly employment.
2013
Journal Article
Substance Use and Other Risk Factors for Unprotected Sex: Results from an Event-Based Study of Homeless Youth
This study of condom use among homeless youth in Los Angeles County found that a broad range of individual, relationship, and contextual factors play a role in condom use.
Aug 1, 2012
Report
Negotiation Strategies for Antiretroviral Drug Purchasers in the United States
Options for negotiating lower procurement costs for antiretroviral (ARV) medications which could enable more people living with HIV in the United States to receive treatment.
Jun 29, 2012
Journal Article
Association of Childhood Abuse with Homeless Women's Social Networks
The effects of childhood physical abuse should be more actively investigated in clinical settings, especially those frequented by homeless women.
2012
Journal Article
Sex and Relationships on the Street: How Homeless Men Judge Partner Risk on Skid Row
Homeless men on LA's Skid Row use visual and behavioral cues, social reputation, feelings of trust, perceived relationship seriousness, and medically inaccurate ''folk'' beliefs to judge whether partners were risky and/or condom use was warranted.
2012
Research Brief
Improving Value for Money in Funding HIV Services in Developing Countries
This brief summarizes options for improving value for money in HIV funding by using a case study that focuses on the two largest funders, the U.S. President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Global Fund, and antiretroviral therapy.
Dec 12, 2011
Report
Value for Money in Donor HIV Funding
This report examines options for improving value for money in HIV funding by using a case study that focuses on the two largest funders, the U.S. President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Global Fund, and antiretroviral therapy.
Oct 6, 2011
Research Brief
Preventing Obesity and Its Consequences: Highlights of RAND Health Research
Summarizes key RAND studies on the causes of obesity, its economic and health consequences, and potential strategies for prevention, including work on health care costs, junk food, food deserts, school meals, and proximity of parks.
Aug 3, 2011
Journal Article
The Role of the Home Environment and Routinization in ART Adherence
This study explores home-based medication triggers for taking antiretrovial therapy, including meals, pillboxes, time of day, and visual cues.
Apr 20, 2011
Journal Article
Bridging the Gap Between Basic Science and Clinical Practice: A Role for Community Clinicians
A paradigm shift involving acknowledgement of the value of clinicians in the context of community research, establishment of a stable infrastructure to support a cohort of clinicians across time and research studies, and realignment of incentives to encourage participation in clinical research is required.
Apr 6, 2011
Journal Article
Bridging the Gap Between Basic Science and Clinical Practice: The Role of Organizations in Addressing Clinician Barriers
This paper identifies several approaches that healthcare organizations can use to overcome barriers to clinician participation in research studies.
Apr 4, 2011
Journal Article
Reengineering the Clinical Research Enterprise to Involve More Community Clinicians
This paper presents a model for the reorganization of clinical research to foster long-term participation by community clinicians.
Apr 4, 2011
Research Brief
A Worksite Parenting Program That Works
Summarizes research on Talking Parents, Healthy Teens, a worksite-based parenting program designed by RAND and University of California at Los Angeles researchers that improves communication between parents and their adolescents on sexual health.
Mar 23, 2011
Journal Article
Increased Substance Use and Risky Sexual Behavior Among Migratory Homeless Youth: Exploring the Role of Social Network Composition
Young homeless "travelers" engage in higher risk behavior than non-traveler homeless and may have different service needs and require different service approaches.
Mar 12, 2011
Journal Article
Assessment of Food Offerings and Marketing Strategies in the Food-Service Venues at California Children's Hospitals
Cafeteria food in California children's hospitals gets an average rating on a nutritional scale. Cafeterias could improve by providing nutritional information, using signage to promote healthy choices, and eliminating impulse items at the register.
2011
Journal Article
An Exploratory Study of HIV-prevention Advocacy by Persons in HIV Care in Uganda
To explore how people living with HIV (PLHIV) and in care encourage others to adopt HIV-protective behaviours, we conducted in-depth interviews with a purposive sample of 40 HIV clinic patients in Kampala, Uganda.
2011
Journal Article
Social Networks of PLHA in Uganda: Implications for Mobilizing PLHA as Agents for Prevention
People living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda have social networks that enable them to feel fairly protected and supported in discussing HIV and prevention, and those on antiretroviral treatment may be better prepared to act as prevention advocates.
2011
Journal Article
Advancing the Science of Patient Safety
This article describes findings from a group of experts assembled to help improve the science of patient safety.
2011
Journal Article
A Qualitative Exploration of the Impact of HIV and ART on Social Disruption and Household Continuity in Uganda
HIV care and ART, with related improvements in clients' physical and work-related functioning, together with family support, helped to reverse some of the deleterious effects of having HIV.
2011
Journal Article
Factors Associated with Condom Use Among HIV Clients in Stable Relationships with Partners at Varying Risk for HIV in Uganda
In Uganda, the most significant factor in whether HIV+ couples in stable relationships use condoms is their sense of self efficacy about condom use.
2010
Journal Article
Is Substance Use a Barrier to Protected Sex Among Homeless Women? Results from Between- and Within-Subjects Event Analyses
This study used event-based analyses to examine how alcohol and drug use are associated with protected sex among women residing in temporary shelters in Los Angeles County.
2010
Journal Article
Parents' Disclosure of Their HIV Infection to Their Children in the Context of the Family
Findings from interviews with HIF-infected parents, their minor and adult children, and caregivers suggest that disclosure of HIV status should be done within a family context.
2010
Journal Article
Promoting Quality and Variety Through the Public Financing of Privately Operated Schools in Qatar
Qatar began establishing publicly funded, privately operated "independent schools" in parallel with the existing Ministry of Education system in 2002.
2010
Journal Article
Sampling to Reduce Respondent Burden in Personal Network Studies and Its Effect on Estimates of Structural Measures
Interview time in personal network studies can be reduced by randomly sampling a smaller set of the alters named by the respondent and simulating the error that results when data are collected from the smaller group.
2010
Journal Article
School Personnel Perspectives on Their School's Implementation of a School-Based Suicide Prevention Program
This study of a district-wide suicide prevention program found that schools whose implementation focused on at-risk students had better results.
2010
Journal Article
Unprotected Sex of Homeless Women Living in Los Angeles County: An Investigation of the Multiple Levels of Risk
Homeless women who have a high commitment to their partner and experience physical violence are more likely to have unprotected sex. Trust in condom efficacy and perceived low susceptibility to HIV make women less likely to engage in risky sex.
2010
Journal Article
Why Do Patients Seek Care at Retail Clinics, and What Alternatives Did They Consider?
This study found that patients were satisfied with the overall experience and were attracted to retail clinics because of their convenient locations and fixed, transparent pricing.
2010
Journal Article
Technical Assistance as a Prevention Capacity-Building Tool: A Demonstration Using the Getting to Outcomes Framework
Demands on community-based prevention programs for performance accountability and positive outcomes are ever increasing in the face of constrained resources. Relatively little is known about how technical assistance (TA) should be structured to benefit community-based organizations and to lead to better outcomes. In this study, data from multiple sources were used to describe an effective TA model designed to improve the capacity of community-based organizations to plan, implement, and evaluate prevention programming.
Oct 1, 2009
Journal Article
Using Community-Based Participatory Research to Identify Potential Interventions to Overcome Barriers to Adolescents' Healthy Eating and Physical Activity
Using a community-based participatory research approach, we explored adolescent, parent, and community stakeholder perspectives on barriers to healthy eating and physical activity, and intervention ideas to address adolescent obesity.
Oct 1, 2009
Research Brief
Qatar's K–12 Education Reform Has Achieved Success in Its Early Years
Describes RAND's evaluation of the progress made in the first years of Qatar's K-12 education reform.
Aug 25, 2009
Research Brief
Qatar's K-12 Education Reform Has Achieved Success in Its Early Years (Arabic version)
Describes RAND's evaluation of the progress made in the first years of Qatar's K-12 education reform.
Aug 25, 2009
Report
Implementation of the K-12 Education Reform in Qatar's Schools
RAND's analysis of the early years of Qatar's system-wide K-12 education reform finds that students in new, Independent schools perform better than those in Ministry schools, but most are still not meeting the new, higher curriculum standards.
Aug 25, 2009
Research Brief
How Parental HIV Affects Children
Examines the unique challenges faced by children of HIV-infected parents and indicates how some of the negative effects of parental HIV on children could be ameliorated.
Jul 30, 2009
Journal Article
Brief Report: A Qualitative Analysis of Discussions About HIV in Families of Parents with HIV
Youths felt uncomfortable discussing HIV with their parent who has HIV because they worried about upsetting and reminding the parent of his/her illness. Adult children reported learning about HIV prevention by watching how the illness affected their parents. Few siblings reported talking with one another about HIV because they worried about upsetting their brother/sister and about their sibling unintentionally disclosing the parent's illness to others.
Jul 1, 2009
Research Brief
Improving Mass Delivery of Antiretroviral Therapy in Sub-Saharan Africa
Provides a summary of strategies for making access to antiretroviral therapy widespread, sustainable, more cost-effective, and efficient, while still providing quality care in sub-Saharan Africa.
Apr 9, 2009
Journal Article
Developing a Tripartite Prevention Program for Impoverished Young Women Transitioning to Young Adulthood: Addressing Substance Use, HIV Risk, and Victimization by Intimate Partners
Little is known about the transition to adulthood for adolescent females and young women who are impoverished and homeless.
2009
Journal Article
Factors That Influence an HIV Coinfected Patient's Decision to Start Hepatitis C Treatment
Patients infected with both HIV and hepatitis C decide to start treatment for hepatitis C based on a number of factors such as readiness for treatment and willingness to deal with side effects, but the relationship with their providers is also influential.
2009
Journal Article
Homeless Women's Personal Networks: Implications for Understanding Risk Behavior
The goal of this exploratory study was to examine the composition of homeless women's personal networks in order to better understand the social context of risk behavior in this vulnerable population.
2009
Journal Article
Pathways to Health Risk Exposure in Adult Film Performers
Despite being part of a large and legal industry in Los Angeles, little is known about adult film performers' exposure to health risks and when and how these risks might occur. The objective was to identify exposure to physical, mental, and social health risks and the pathways to such risks among adult film performers and to determine how risks differ between different types of performers, such as men and women.
2009
Journal Article
A Qualitative Analysis of the Economic Impact of HIV and Antiretroviral Therapy on Individuals and Households in Uganda
Despite the acceleration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale-up in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about the social and economic effects of ART on individuals and households.
2009
Journal Article
Risk and Resilience in Latinos: A Community-Based Participatory Research Study
Latino young people living in a low-income housing complex identified self, family, and community as important facilitators of their success, although parents appeared to deemphasize community resources.
2009
Journal Article
School Site Visits for Community-Based Participatory Research on Healthy Eating
Site visits offer a useful means to evaluate the implementation of school district obesity-related policies and develop interventions to translate school food policies into practice.
2009
Journal Article
The Social Context of Homeless Women's Alcohol and Drug Use
Homeless women with a greater proportion of heavy alcohol users in their personal networks had greater odds of engaging in binge drinking, and women with a greater proportion of drug users in their networks had greater odds of using marijuana, cocaine, crack, and methamphetamine or other amphetamines.
2009
Journal Article
Treat Early or Wait and Monitor? A Qualitative Analysis of Provider Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Decision-Making in the Context of HIV Coinfection
Liver disease is a leading cause of death among patients with HIV coinfected with hepatitis C (HCV); yet, studies show that less than 10% receive HCV treatment, in part because of limited treatment response, high treatment toxicity, and psychosocial barri
2009
Journal Article
When, Where, Why and with Whom Homeless Women Engage in Risky Sexual Behaviors: A Framework for Understanding Complex and Varied Decision-Making Processes
Impoverished women worldwide are at high risk for contracting HIV/AIDS. This study explores how homeless women make risky sex decisions and the role that alcohol and drugs play in this process.
2009
Journal Article
Characteristics of the Original Patient Navigation Programs to Reduce Disparities in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer
The first patient navigation programs combined culturally sensitive care coordination with aspects of disease management programs to reduce racial, ethnic, and poverty-driven disparities in cancer care. Future efforts should include these aspects.
2008
Journal Article
Conducta Del Enfermo Ante El Dolor Cronico: Illness Behavior in Chronic Pain
In patient decisions to seek care for chronic pain, the first option was to go to the popular sector, then a general physician, and then a specialist. Illness behaviour should be seen as a process combining the use of different health care sectors.
2008
Journal Article
Fears About HIV Transmission in Families with an HIV-infected Parent: A Qualitative Analysis
Through education and counseling, pediatricians and other providers can correct misinformation and dispel fears about HIV transmission among families with an HIV-positive parent.
2008
Journal Article
HIV-related Stigma Among People with HIV and Their Families: A Qualitative Analysis
The authors examined the interconnectedness of stigma experiences in families living with HIV, from the perspective of multiple family members.
2008
Journal Article
Trials and Tribulations on the Road to Implementing Integrative Medicine in a Hospital Setting
The objective of the study is to identify the barriers and the facilitators for creating integrative medicine in a hospital-based centre.
2008
Research Brief
A New System for K-12 Education in Qatar (Arabic version)
This research brief highlights aspects of Phase I (2001-04) of Qatar's K-12 reform initiative, Education for a New Era, based on RAND's experiences in this multi-participant effort to build a world-class standards- and choice-based education system.
Oct 31, 2007
Report
Education for a New Era, Executive Summary: Design and Implementation of K-12 Education Reform in Qatar
Provides an overview of the first phase of Qatar's K-12 education reform initiative, Education for a New Era, based on RAND's experiences in this ambitious, multi-participant effort to build a world-class standards- and choice-based education system.
Oct 29, 2007
Report
Hospital-Based Integrative Medicine: A Case Study of the Barriers and Factors Facilitating the Creation of a Center
Presents the results of a five-year study of a hospital-based center for integrative medicine.
May 28, 2007
Research Brief
A New System for K-12 Education in Qatar
This research brief highlights aspects of Phase I (2001-04) of Qatar's K-12 reform initiative, Education for a New Era, based on RAND's experiences in this multi-participant effort to build a world-class standards- and choice-based education system.
Apr 8, 2007
Report
Education for a New Era: Design and Implementation of K-12 Education Reform in Qatar
Describes the first phase of Qatar's bold K-12 education reform initiative, Education for a New Era, based on RAND's experiences as part of this ambitious, multi-participant effort to build a world-class standards- and choice-based education system.
Apr 1, 2007
Journal Article
Experiences of Social Stigma and Implications for Healthcare Among a Diverse Population of HIV Positive Adults
Stigma profoundly affects the lives of people with HIV/AIDS.
2007
Journal Article
Formative Evaluation of Antiretroviral Therapy Scale-Up Efficiency in Sub-Saharan Africa
It is important for ART programs to develop effective mechanisms for coordinating and referring clients to support service organizations.
2007
Journal Article
The Teen Photovoice Project: A Pilot Study to Promote Health Through Advocacy
How youth perceive health issues and how they can become advocates for health promotion in their communities.
2007
Journal Article
Trust Influences Response to Public Health Messages During a Bioterrorist Event
This study identifies the specific components of trust that may influence community response to a bioterrorist attack.
2007
Research Brief
Does Reform-Oriented Teaching Make a Difference? The Relationship Between Teaching Practices and Achievement in Mathematics and Science
This research brief summarizes a three-year study of the relationship between reform-oriented instruction and student performance in mathematics and science.
Nov 14, 2006
Report
Improving Mathematics and Science Education: A Longitudinal Investigation of the Relationship Between Reform-Oriented Instruction and Student Achievement
Presents findings of a multiyear study of the effectiveness of reform-oriented science and mathematics teaching (practices for engaging students as active participants in their own learning and enhancing the development of complex cognitive skills).
Sep 8, 2006
Draft
An Introduction to Qatar’s Primary and Secondary Education Reform
Describes a reform designed by Qatari education officials and RAND researchers to upgrade the school system of Qatar.
May 31, 2006
Draft
Using Structured Classroom Vignettes to Measure Instructional Practices in Mathematics
Describes a vignette-based measure of reform-oriented mathematics instruction in which teachers read several contextualized descriptions of teaching practices and rate the degree to which the options correspond to their own likely behaviors.
Feb 8, 2006
Journal Article
Implementation and Maintenance of Quality Improvement for Treating Depression in Primary Care
There was evidence of broad success at implementation and maintenance of quality improvement for depression treatment in primary care.
2006
Journal Article
Using Structured Classroom Vignettes to Measure Instructional Practices in Mathematics
The authors developed a vignette-based measure of one aspect of mathematics instructional practice, reform-oriented instruction and it appears that vignettes can be a useful tool for research on instructional practice.
2006
Journal Article
Variations in Provider Conceptions of Integrative Medicine
Consumers often turn to CAM and use it concurrently with conventional medicine to treat illnesses and promote wellness.
2006
Journal Article
Experiencing Interpersonal Violence: Perspectives of Sexually Active, Substance-Using Women Living in Shelters and Low-Income Housing
As part of a larger study, the authors investigated experiences of recent violence among sexually active, substance-using women.
2005
Journal Article
Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Decision-Making in the Context of HIV Co-Infection: The Role of Medical, Behavioral and Mental Health Factors in Assessing Treatment Readiness
HCV-related liver disease is among the leading causes of death among HIV patients, yet few co-infected patients receive the standard of care.
2005
Journal Article
A Qualitative Examination of Primary Care Providers' and Physician Managers' Uses and Views of Research Evidence
Examines the reasons and search strategies related to physicians' search for evidence and compares clinician and physician manager approaches for using evidence.
2005
Journal Article
A Self-Report Measure of Clinicians' Orientation Toward Integrative Medicine
This study provides support for the reliability and validity of the IM-30 as a measure of clinicians' orientation toward integrative medicine.
2005
Journal Article
Worksite-based Parenting Programs to Promote Healthy Adolescent Sexual Development: A Qualitative Study of Feasibility and Potential Content
A worksite-based program designed to help parents of adolescents develop communication and parenting skills could provide a way to reach busy parents.
2005
Draft
Is Reform-Oriented Teaching Related to Mathematics and Science Achievement?
Dec 21, 2004
Draft
Vignette-Based Surveys and the Mosaic II Project
Dec 21, 2004
Journal Article
A Bitter Pill to Swallow: Nonadherence with Prophylactic Antibiotics During the Anthrax Attacks and the Role of Private Physicians
To generate recommendations for improving adherence to public health advice during public health crises, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with employees at the Brentwood Road Postal Facility and on Capitol Hill to identify key themes associated with decisions to adhere to recommended antibiotic prophylaxis during the 2001 anthrax attacks.
2004
Journal Article
Relationship Between Routinization of Daily Behaviors and Medication Adherence in HIV-positive Drug Users
Evaluated whether a brief, yet more comprehensive measure of the routinization of daily behaviors and activities is predictive of medication adherence
2004
Research Brief
Role of Doctors Critical in Effective Public Health
The RAND Corporation interviewed a diverse sample of individuals from Capitol Hill and from the Brentwood postal facility with the purpose of understanding in detail how these individuals responded to the advice of public health officials to take antibiotics for at least 60 days.
2004
Journal Article
Using a Word Processor to Tag and Retrieve Blocks of Text
Text management software is available for doing thematic or code-based analysis, the principal procedural approach to qualitative data analysis.
2004
Journal Article
Pill Taking 'Routinization': A Critical Factor to Understanding Episodic Medication Adherence
This exploratory study examines the contextual factors that lead to episodic nonadherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy.
2003
Journal Article
Techniques to Identify Themes
Theme identification is one of the most fundamental tasks in qualitative research.
2003
Draft
Measuring Reform-Oriented Instructional Practices in Mathematics and Science
Measuring Reform-Oriented Instructional Practices in Mathematics and Science
2002
Journal Article
Data Management and Analysis Methods
This chapter is about methods for managing and analyzing qualitative data.
2000
Journal Article
Does Being a Woman Make a Difference in Professional Practice? A Qualitative View to the Practice of Rheumatology
The differences in practice style may have a potential effect on health systems as feminization of the medical profession increases.
2000
Journal Article
Fear and Loathing at the Cineplex: Gender Differences in Descriptions and Perceptions of Slasher Films
This study investigates gender-specific descriptions and perceptions of slasher films.
2000
Journal Article
Successive Free Listing: Using Multiple Free Lists to Generate Explanatory Models
Successive free listing is a data collection technique that links multiple free lists together in a single interview.
2000
Journal Article
Measuring the Typicality of Text: Using Multiple Coders for More Than Just Reliability and Validity Checks
Social scientists often use agreement among multiple coders to check the reliability and validity of the analytic process.
1999
Journal Article
What Pediatricians Can Do to Further Youth Violence Prevention: A Qualitative Study
Youth violence is a public health problem world wide.
1999
Journal Article
Content Analysis of Words in Brief Descriptions: How Fathers and Mothers Describe Their Children
In this chapter, the authors describe their application of word-counting techniques to understand the perceptions and attitudes of American parents toward their adolescent children as revealed in written responses to a follow-up survey in the Family Lifestyles Project. They report that the simple word-counting techniques, which are relatively bias free, can help researchers concentrate often-confusing data into a more manageable form and. The techniques can be used for exploring central themes and for systematically comparing within and across groups.
1998
Journal Article
An Intercultural Comparison of Home Case Management of Acute Diarrhea in Mexico: Implications for Program Planners
The results suggest that the propensity of families to choose private schools is insensitive to out-of-pocket tuition costs.
1998
Journal Article
Text Analysis: Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
The systematic analysis of text--from political speeches to folktales--is growing in interest across the social sciences.
1998