How economic development and family planning programs combined to reduce Indonesian fertility
This paper examines the contributions of family planning programs, economic development and women's status to Indonesian fertility decline from 1982-1987. Methodologically, the authors unify seemingly conflicting demographic and economic frameworks into a single "structural" proximate cause model as well as statistically control for the targeted (non-random) placement of family planning program inputs. The results are consistent with both frameworks; 75 percent of the fertility decline resulted from increased contraceptive use, but was induced primarily through economic development and improved female education and economic opportunities. However, the dramatic impact of the changes in demand side factors (education and economic development) on contraceptive use was possible only because there already existed a highly responsive contraceptive supply delivery system.
This report is part of the RAND Corporation Draft series. The unrestricted draft was a product of the RAND Corporation from 1993 to 2003 that represented preliminary or prepublication versions of other more formal RAND products for distribution to appropriate external audiences. The draft could be considered similar to an academic discussion paper. Although unrestricted drafts had been approved for circulation, they were not usually formally edited or peer reviewed.
This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This representation of RAND intellectual property is provided for noncommercial use only. Unauthorized posting of this publication online is prohibited; linking directly to this product page is encouraged. Permission is required from RAND to reproduce, or reuse in another form, any of its research documents for commercial purposes. For information on reprint and reuse permissions, please visit www.rand.org/pubs/permissions.
The RAND Corporation is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.