Report
A Review of the Scientific Literature As It Pertains to Gulf War Illnesses: Pyridostigmine Bromide, Executive Summary
Jan 1, 1999
A Review of the Scientific Literature As It Pertains to Gulf War Illnesses
Volume 2: Pyridostigmine Bromide
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The United States and its allies in the Persian Gulf War (PGW) knew that Iraq had used nerve agents and chemical weapons in its previous conflicts and so took steps to protect their troops. Pyridostigmine bromide (PB) was distributed as a pretreatment that would enhance the effectiveness of postexposure treatments in the event that the nerve agent soman was used. This report examines the role that PB played in the ongoing chronic health problems documented in PGW veterans. After careful examination of the known effects of PB on the central and peripheral nervous systems, the author finds the evidence consistent with a possible role for PB as a contributor to the health complaints of some PGW veterans and calls for immediate attention in the form of additional investigation to clarify the role of PB.
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Table of Contents
Preface PDF
Figures PDF
Tables PDF
Summary PDF
Acknowledgments PDF
Abbreviations PDF
Chapter One
Introduction PDF
Chapter Two
Fact Sheet: PB Pretreatment for Soman Exposure PDF
Chapter Three
Characteristics of PB PDF
Chapter Four
PB Use in the Persian Gulf War PDF
Chapter Five
Health Problems in PGW Veterans PDF
Chapter Six
Theories Linking PB to Illness in Pgw Veterans PDF
Chapter Seven
Blood-Brain Barrier Passage PDF
Chapter Eight
Individual Differences in Reactions to PB PDF
Chapter Nine
Interactions Between PB and Other Exposures PDF
Chapter Ten
Bromism PDF
Chapter Eleven
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity PDF
Chapter Twelve
Neuromuscular Junction Effects PDF
Chapter Thirteen
Neurotransmitter Dysregulation PDF
Chapter Fourteen
Chronic Effects PDF
Chapter Fifteen
Other Considerations PDF
Chapter Sixteen
Conclusions PDF
Addendum
Addendum: Evidence for Neurotransmitter Dysregulation Identified or Published Since the Review Process PDF
Appendix A
Pyridostigmine Pharmacokinetic Data PDF
Appendix B
Effects of PB in Humans PDF
Appendix C
Further Discussion of the Acetylcholine-Serotonin Relationship PDF
References PDF
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This research was sponsored by the RAND National Security Research Division and RAND Health.
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