NATO Enlargement Amidst Russia's War in Ukraine

How Finland and Sweden Bolster the Transatlantic Alliance

James Black, Charlotte Kleberg, Erik Silfversten

Expert InsightsPublished Mar 7, 2024

This Perspective examines the contributions that Finland and Sweden can make to the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) as the newest NATO Allies, having joined in response to Russia's illegal invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. It examines the path each nation took towards NATO membership, after a long history of armed neutrality and military non-alignment. It also explores the capabilities and expertise that Finland and Sweden bring to the Alliance in terms not only of their armed forces but also their approaches to innovation, security, resilience and emergency preparedness. This builds on prior RAND Europe research on opportunities to deepen cooperation in the Nordic-Baltic region and ways to enhance defence and deterrence on NATO's northern flank more broadly, including in the Arctic.

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Black, James, Charlotte Kleberg, and Erik Silfversten, NATO Enlargement Amidst Russia's War in Ukraine: How Finland and Sweden Bolster the Transatlantic Alliance, RAND Corporation, PE-A3236-1, March 2024. As of September 4, 2024: https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA3236-1.html
Chicago Manual of Style
Black, James, Charlotte Kleberg, and Erik Silfversten, NATO Enlargement Amidst Russia's War in Ukraine: How Finland and Sweden Bolster the Transatlantic Alliance. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2024. https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA3236-1.html.
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