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Project Retrosight

Understanding the returns from cardiovascular and stroke research: Case Studies

by Alexandra Pollitt, Steven Wooding, Stephen Hanney, Martin Buxton, Jonathan Grant

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This project explores the impacts arising from cardiovascular and stroke research funded 15-20 years ago and attempts to draw out aspects of the research, researcher or environment that are associated with high or low impact. The project is a case study-based review of 29 cardiovascular and stroke research grants, funded in Australia, Canada and UK between 1989 and 1993. The case studies focused on the individual grants but considered the development of the investigators and ideas involved in the research projects from initiation to the present day. Grants were selected through a stratified random selection approach that aimed to include both high- and low-impact grants. The key messages are as follows: 1) The cases reveal that a large and diverse range of impacts arose from the 29 grants studied. 2) There are variations between the impacts derived from basic biomedical and clinical research. 3) There is no correlation between knowledge production and wider impacts 4) The majority of economic impacts identified come from a minority of projects. 5) This report identified factors that appear to be associated with high and low impact. This report presents the full set of case studies.

Table of Contents

  • Chapter One

    To conduct studies of a high density lipoprotein conversion factor

  • Chapter Two

    Fibrillin deficiency in Marfan syndrome and overlapping syndromes (familial mitral valve prolapse, familial ascending aortic aneurysm): diagnosis and risk stratification

  • Chapter Three

    'Heartstart Scotland' – analysis of the results of a national programme

  • Chapter Four

    Haemostatic markers in acute transient ischaemic attacks

  • Chapter Five

    A follow-up study of heart attack patients

  • Chapter Six

    Coronary lesions and vasoactivity

  • Chapter Seven

    The organisation and nature of formed elements within the paracellular clefts of capillary endothelia

  • Chapter Eight

    Low-intensity warfarin and thrombosis

  • Chapter Nine

    Analysis of the glucose transporter compliment and function in metabolically important tissues of the Milan hypertensive rat

  • Chapter Ten

    The role of coagulation and fibrinolysis in the pathogenesis of recurrent stroke

  • Chapter Eleven

    Nimodipine binding in cerebral ischaemia

  • Chapter Twelve

    Genetic and cellular determinants of increased growth of vascular smooth muscle in spontaneously hypertensive rats

  • Chapter Thirteen

    The study of the role of the regulatory gene, Mlx1, in cardiac development and disease, and the creation of animal models for myocardial dysfunction

  • Chapter Fourteen

    Effect of simulated stroke on developing astrocytes

  • Chapter Fifteen

    The effects of alcohol consumption on blood pressure, plasma lipoprotein cholesterol fractions and sympathetic nervous system function in man

  • Chapter Sixteen

    Electrophysiologic properties of cardiac myocytes in cardiomyopathy

  • Chapter Seventeen

    To study the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on tissue and cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme

  • Chapter Eighteen

    Vasoactive substances and pathogenesis of essential hypertension

  • Chapter Nineteen

    Immunoelectron microscopy of amine and peptide synapses on sympathetic preganglionic neurons

  • Chapter Twenty

    Right-hemisphere stroke: incidence, severity and recovery of language disorders

  • Chapter Twenty-One

    To study secondary prevention of hypertension

  • Chapter Twenty-Two

    The effects of lean meat diets on plasma lipids and haemostatic functions

  • Chapter Twenty-Three

    Cell–cell interactions in the disposition of natriuretic peptides in the bovine chromaffin cells

  • Chapter Twenty-Four

    Is hepatic synthesis and secretion of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) linked to lipoprotein production by the liver and intestine?

  • Chapter Twenty-Five

    Modulation of nitric oxide biosynthesis by polyamines

  • Chapter Twenty-Six

    Antiarrhythmic drug receptor

  • Chapter Twenty-Seven

    Biobehavioural influences on hypertension and atherosclerosis

  • Chapter Twenty-Eight

    Prolonged heart and lung allograft preservation

  • Chapter Twenty-Nine

    Stroke prevention in the elderly in primary care

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The research described in this report was conducted by RAND Europe.

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