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Community-Based Health Care

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Community-based health care represents a unique mode of care delivery with its own set of considerations, challenges, advantages, and disadvantages. RAND experts have studied a diverse range of community health programs, neighborhood characteristics including food environments, public health implications of prisoner reentry, the role of faith-based groups in health care, and much more.

Essay
Faith-Based Organizations Promote Well-Being in Underserved Communities
Kathryn Derose, a senior policy researcher at RAND and an Episcopal deacon, works with Latino and African-American churches to address health issues in their communities. Her research has shown the power of the pulpit to fight health disparities, counter stigma, and encourage healthy living.
Jan 4, 2019
Testimony
Community-Based Programs Are Critical to Veteran Suicide Prevention
The VA provides high-quality mental health care. Its biggest challenge is preventing suicide among those who are not enrolled, such as veterans with other-than-honorable discharges and women. Strengthening community-based programs could prevent veteran suicide and help slow national suicide rates.
Apr 27, 2017

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Commentary
Remembering Slain LA Bishop David O'Connell and His Tireless Community Work
Bishop Dave left a mark on so many lives, and, even after becoming bishop, remained close to the community he so loved. The world has lost a fearless and compassionate leader.
Mar 3, 2023
Commentary
RAND Experts on Veteran Mental Health Respond to the White House Mental Health Research Priorities
The White House identified eight research priorities to better manage America's current mental health crisis. RAND researchers highlight why each area is critical for veteran mental health and how RAND is contributing to address them.
Feb 20, 2023
Blog
State of the Union, Mental Health First Aid, China's Spy Balloon: RAND Weekly Recap
This weekly recap focuses on President Biden's State of the Union address, the benefits of mental health first aid training, insights on China’s spy balloon, and more.
Feb 10, 2023
Report
The Benefits of Mental Health First Aid Training
More than 155,000 New Yorkers were trained in Mental Health First Aid between 2016 and 2020. They learned how to be active listeners, to provide reassurance and information, and to encourage professional care when appropriate. Most of the trainees ended up using their MHFA skills to support others and their own well-being.
Feb 7, 2023
Research Brief
Large-Scale Training in Mental Health First Aid: An Evaluation of New York City's 2016–2020 Efforts
In an evaluation of a city-wide effort to train New Yorkers in Mental Health First Aid, RAND researchers found that the majority of participants had used their skills to help friends, family, neighbors, and coworkers in the past six months.
Feb 7, 2023
Journal Article
Low Exposure to Home- and Community-Based Services Among U.S. Adults: Cause for Concern?
A lack of knowledge about HCBS is a barrier to access, and exposure to HCBS users is one source of knowledge. There are no contemporary estimates of exposure in the U.S. population. Overall, service exposure was more home- than community-based.
Oct 11, 2022
Report
Strategies for Improving Prehospital Outcomes for Cardiac Arrest
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a common, life-threatening event that is a leading cause of death in the United States. RAND researchers identified 49 strategies to improve OHCA survival and the delivery of care.
Jul 20, 2022
Journal Article
Cost-Effectiveness of Community-to-Clinic Tailored Navigation for Colorectal Cancer Screening in an Underserved Population: Economic Evaluation Alongside a Group-Randomized Trial
Adding community-to-clinic tailored navigation to a community-based colorectal cancer screening promotion program may be highly cost-effective.
May 13, 2022
Report
Hyper-Local Strategies Are Working to Promote Vaccination Equity
The Equity-First Vaccination Initiative, launched in summer 2021, has already made progress in reducing racial/ethnic disparities in U.S. COVID-19 vaccination rates. Hyper-local, community-led strategies are helping to increase vaccine confidence and access for communities that identify as Black, Indigenous, and people of color.
Jan 28, 2022
Journal Article
Understanding What Works: Measuring and Monitoring Quality in Medi-Cal's Home and Community-Based Services
This issue brief describes challenges and opportunities related to measuring, reporting, and monitoring the quality of HCBS sponsored by Medi-Cal.
Jan 26, 2022
Journal Article
Vertical Integration of Primary Care Practices with Acute Hospitals in England and Wales: Why, How and So What? Findings from a Qualitative, Rapid Evaluation
Qualitative evaluation at two locations in England and one in Wales of where acute hospitals have taken on the running of primary care medical practices.
Jan 12, 2022
Tool
Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools (CBITS) for American Indian Youth
The Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Trauma in Schools (CBITS) program helps students exposed to traumatic events who are experiencing emotional or behavioral problems. This tool is an adaptation of the CBITS program for American Indian youth.
Dec 22, 2021
Research Brief
Early Insights from the Equity-First Vaccination Initiative
Vaccination rates among communities that identify as Black, Indigenous, and people of color (BIPOC) continue to lag relative to the total population. To increase vaccine confidence and access for these populations, the Equity-First Vaccination Initiative employs hyper-local, community-led strategies.
Dec 20, 2021
Report
Independent Evaluation of the New York State 1115 Waiver Amendment: The Children's Design: Interim Findings
The authors evaluate efforts to streamline health care for children and youth in the New York State Medicaid program who have needs for home- and community-based services through the recently implemented Children's Design.
Aug 6, 2021
Multimedia
Meeting the Needs of the Mental Health Population in the LA County Jail System
Behavioral scientist Stephanie Holliday discusses her study that aimed to estimate the size of the mental health population in the Los Angeles County jail system that might be appropriate for diversion to community-based treatment rather than remaining and receiving treatments while incarcerated.
Jul 26, 2021
Commentary
Investing in Social Change: Lessons Learned from Foundation-Funded Criminal Justice Research
Investing in policy-focused research can be among the ways foundations catalyze change. Impactful work may involve strong collaborations across funders, researchers, and community partners. And it may require flexibility in design and execution as well as a commitment to getting the findings into the hands of decisionmakers who can use the findings to create change.
Jul 20, 2021
Journal Article
Perceived Impacts of a Medicaid Rebalancing Initiative to Increase Home- and Community-Based Services
Stakeholders reported that BIP participation had a range of impacts on the HCBS ecosystem, often beyond the structural reforms. Our findings highlight BIP impacts to monitor over the long term and to consider in evaluations of future rebalancing efforts.
Jul 16, 2021
Blog
A Message from Our President, Medical Mistrust, Insulin Prices: RAND Weekly Recap
This weekly recap focuses on Wednesday’s siege on the U.S. Capitol, Americans' psychological distress, medical mistrust and COVID-19 vaccines, and more.
Jan 8, 2021
Q&A
Medical Mistrust Could Reduce Vaccine Uptake: Q&A with Laura Bogart
Laura Bogart, a senior behavioral scientist, studies how discrimination feeds medical mistrust and conspiracy beliefs. Her research on how mistrust became a barrier to treatment for Black Americans during the HIV epidemic sheds light on why some might question the safety of a COVID-19 vaccine.
Dec 23, 2020
Report
Evaluating Connections to Care
In 2016, New York City policymakers came together with federal and private funders to support a program, Connections to Care (C2C), intended to provide quality mental health support within high-risk communities. RAND evaluated C2C, examining its implementation, impact on access and use of mental health care, and costs.
Nov 12, 2020

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Research conducted by

RAND Health Care

Researcher Spotlight

Nazia Wolters

Policy Analyst

Nazia Wolters is a policy analyst at the RAND Corporation. She manages domestic and international projects and leads data collection and qualitative tasks in areas of health care (e.g., patient experiences of care, expansion of women’s reproductive rights, HIV testing in Latino and African…
Annetta Zhou

Associate Economist

Annetta Zhou is an associate economist at the RAND Corporation. Her research uses both administrative and survey data to study the strategy and productivity of health care organizations. Her recent research projects focus on how the organization and structure of integrated health systems impact…

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