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Gender Discrimination

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Research Brief

Why Do Women Leave the Coast Guard, and What Could Encourage Them to Stay?

Mar 29, 2019

Women leave the Coast Guard at higher rates than men. Focus groups raised concerns about work environment, career issues, and personal life matters. More inclusive personnel policies could help the Coast Guard address these concerns and retain more women.
Report

Women in Egypt Face Barriers to Employment

Apr 21, 2020

Large gains in educational attainment among women in Egypt have not been matched with gains in the workplace. Obstacles preventing them from securing employment include tensions between work and family responsibilities, lack of mobility, wage gaps, and fear of sexual harassment.

Explore Gender Discrimination

Journal Article

Bias in the Legal Profession: Self-Assessed Versus Statistical Measures of Discrimination

This article uses data from the After the J.D. study to compare standard Blinder-Oaxaca measures of earnings discrimination to self-reported measures of client discrimination, other work-related discrimination, and harassment.

Dec 11, 2020
News Release

Survey Estimates More Than 1 in 4 FEMA Workers Experienced Civil Rights Violations

About 29% of employees at the Federal Emergency Management Agency experienced a sex- or race/ethnicity-based civil rights violation in the past year, according to research undertaken by the Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center (HSOAC), a federally funded research and development center operated by the RAND Corporation under contract with the Department of Homeland Security.

Dec 2, 2020
Research Brief

Harassment and Discrimination in the FEMA Workplace

A survey of FEMA personnel found that 29 percent of employees experienced a sex- or race/ethnicity–based civil rights violation in the past year. The survey results reveal areas in need of improvement and will help guide FEMA leadership decisions about programming and policy responses.

Dec 2, 2020
Report

Harassment and Discrimination on the Basis of Gender and Race/Ethnicity in the FEMA Workforce

Researchers assessed the prevalence and characteristics of sexual harassment, gender discrimination, racial/ethnic harassment, and racial/ethnic discrimination at FEMA. This report documents the survey results.

Dec 2, 2020
Commentary

The Link Between Workplace Diversity and the Gender Pay Gap

Many factors explain the gender earnings gap, including workplace biases, differences in how credit is attributed, and differences in how men and women negotiate. But another factor could influence the pay women receive: the number of men in their workplace.

Aug 15, 2020
Multimedia

Using Binding Pay Transparency Measures to Encourage Equal Pay for Equal Work

RAND Europe experts Joanna Hofman and Michaela Bruckmayer discuss their study on binding pay transparency measures as a tool for encouraging equal pay for equal work. They consider key concepts in the debate and potential challenges in implementing the measures across the EU.

Aug 14, 2020
Commentary

Equal Pay for Equal Work: How Binding Pay Transparency Measures May Help

More than 60 years ago, the EU introduced the principle of equal pay for equal work for men and women. But a gender pay gap persists in most countries. In 2014, a European Commission Recommendation encouraged measures to aid pay transparency, but implementation has been limited.

May 12, 2020
Journal Article

Equal Pay for Equal Work: Binding Pay-Transparency Measures

This study identifies key concepts in the debate about pay transparency measures. It maps out both their implementation across EU Member States, and the positions of key stakeholders on making them legally binding through EU legislation.

Mar 5, 2020
Report

Development of a Short Form Measure of Sexual Harassment Risk in the Military: Findings from the RAND Military Workplace Study

RAND has developed a short version of a survey that investigates sexual harassment in the military. The original RAND survey contained up to 52 questions. This report discusses the accuracy of a five-question version of the longer survey.

Sep 12, 2019
Multimedia

Improving Gender Diversity in the U.S. Coast Guard

For active-duty women, many complex factors influence the decision to stay in or separate from the Coast Guard. In this video, RAND's Kimberly Curry Hall summarizes research on these factors and makes recommendations for improving female retention in the Coast Guard.

Sep 1, 2019
News Release

Women Leave U.S. Coast Guard at Higher Rates Than Men; More Equitable Personnel Policies Could Help Narrow Gap

As at other military services, women leave the active-duty Coast Guard at higher rates than men. To retain a diverse workforce the Coast Guard should continue to pursue more inclusive personnel policies, such as augmenting workforce gaps during parental leave, minimizing the impact parental leave has on evaluations and promotion, and expanding opportunities for leadership development training.

Mar 29, 2019
Report

Improving Gender Diversity in the U.S. Coast Guard: Identifying Barriers to Female Retention

This report documents the results of a study designed to help identify the root causes of female attrition in the active-duty Coast Guard and develop recommendations to help mitigate identified barriers to Coast Guard female retention.

Mar 29, 2019
Commentary

Book Review: 'The Woman Who Smashed Codes' by Jason Fagone

'The Woman Who Smashed Codes' by Jason Fagone is the story of Elizebeth Friedman, the mother of modern cryptoanalysis and cryptography. She broke coded messages of organized crime, broke the Nazi Enigma cryptography machine, and deciphered, mapped, and monitored Nazi activities in South America, though it is her husband William who often gets credit.

Feb 19, 2019
Report

Sexual Assault and Harassment in the Military: Estimates for Installation- and Command-Level Risk

This report examines differences in sexual assault risk estimates across U.S. military installations and commands based on 2014 data. These differences may help identify characteristics of installations that can be modified to reduce sexual assault risk.

Sep 21, 2018
Report

Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment in the U.S. Military: Annex to Volume 5. Tabular Results from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study for Installation- and Command-Level Risk of Sexual Assault and Sexual Harassment

This Annex to Volume 5 presents survey estimates of how risk of sexual assault and sexual harassment varies across military installations and major commands using data from the 2014 RAND Military Workplace Study.

Sep 21, 2018
Commentary

Restoring Asylum Protections for Victims of Domestic Violence

Attorney General Jeff Sessions rescinded asylum protections earlier this month for victims of domestic violence. The decision and the supporting analysis goes against decades of research on violence against women. Congress could reverse the decision by amending the asylum law.

Jun 25, 2018
Journal Article

Gender-Based Discrimination and Unprotected Receptive Anal Intercourse Among Transgender Women in Brazil: A Mixed Methods Study

Among a population of transgender women in Brazil, constant experience with gender-based discrimination contributed to a sense of trust with their stable partners, diminishing the desire to use condoms, and also contributed to poor mental health overall.

May 2, 2018
Journal Article

Fertility Behaviors in South Korea and Their Association with Ultrasound Prenatal Sex Screening

Using the 1985, 1995, and 2005 Korean Censuses, we find significant period effects suggesting that sex ratios at birth became unnaturally imbalanced when ultrasound technology became available..

Mar 14, 2018
Journal Article

Fertility, Gender Preference, the Birth Planning Policy and Life Satisfaction in China

Investigation of Birth Planning Policy effect on parity-specific birth continuation probabilities and parental life satisfaction as a function of the numbers and gender composition of children both before and after the implementation of the BPP.

Mar 14, 2018

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