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Pediatric Medicine

Journal Article
Access to After-Hours Primary Care: A Key Determinant of Children's Medical Home Status
Accessibility, especially the ability to access health care after regular office hours, appears to be the major predictor of having a medical home among Latino children.
Jan 24, 2023
Journal Article
Associations of Pediatric Nurse Burnout with Involvement in Quality Improvement
We examined the associations of inpatient pediatric nurse burnout with their perspectives on the importance of quality at the hospital, patient experience measurement, quality improvement, unit culture, and staffing.
Dec 2, 2022
Journal Article
Use of Telehealth Across Pediatric Subspecialties Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
In this cohort study, 8 large pediatric medical groups in California collaborated to share aggregate data on telehealth use for 11 pediatric subspecialties from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2021.
Sep 8, 2022
Journal Article
Standardizing the Clinical Definition of Opioid Withdrawal in the Neonate
This paper addresses challenges in clinical care, quality improvement, research, and public policy for prenatally opioid-exposed neonates by standardizing the clinical definition of opioid withdrawal.
Jan 4, 2022
Journal Article
A Comparison of Approaches to Identify Live Births Using the Medicaid Analytic eXtract
This study described and validated five approaches to identifying births using Medicaid data.
Nov 3, 2021
Blog
Nuclear Deterrence, COVID-19 and Infant Deaths, Criminal Justice Reform: RAND Weekly Recap
This weekly recap focuses on why the United States doesn’t need more nuclear weapons, increased infant deaths during the pandemic, preventing veteran suicide, and more.
Oct 22, 2021
Journal Article
Association of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome and Infant Foster Care Entry
Researchers examined the association of county rates of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) and county-level characteristics with infant foster care entries. One in every ten diagnosed NOWS births was associated with a 41 percent higher rate of infant foster care entry.
Oct 20, 2021
Journal Article
Informing the Development of a Standardized Clinical Definition of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome: Protocol for a Modified-Delphi Expert Panel
The goal of this paper is to describe a protocol for a systematic expert panel process to inform the development of a clinical definition of neonatal abstinence syndrome.
Jul 23, 2021
Essay
Reducing Disparities in Infant Mortality: Using Big Data to Help Babies at Risk
Black babies in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania—and across America—face much higher mortality rates than white babies. Researchers pulled together thousands of data points on more than 150,000 births to better predict who is at risk and how to help them.
Jul 1, 2021
Journal Article
Care Management Reduced Infant Mortality for Medicaid Managed Care Enrollees in Ohio
The Ohio Department of Medicaid introduced requirements to be delivered by Medicaid managed care organizations (MCOs). This study evaluated the impact of care management on reducing infant mortality in the largest Medicaid MCO in Ohio.
Feb 12, 2021
Research Brief
Using an Innovative Database and Machine Learning to Predict and Reduce Infant Mortality
Researchers created a unique database linking medical, social, and demographic information, then used machine learning techniques to evaluate risk of infant mortality and develop intervention recommendations to reduce each infant's risk of mortality
Feb 4, 2021
Report
Paediatric Early Warning Systems: a scoping study: Lessons from a rapid review
This report shares findings from a rapid review of the evidence on the use of Paediatric Early Warning (PEW) scores and systems in UK healthcare settings, to help staff to identify clinical deterioration and facilitate early intervention.
Jan 22, 2021
Journal Article
Measuring Childbirth Outcomes Using Administrative and Birth Certificate Data
The aim of this study was to develop a risk-adjusted composite measure of severe maternal morbidity and severe newborn morbidity based on administrative and birth certificate data.
Jan 22, 2021
Journal Article
Engaging Patients and Professionals to Evaluate the Seriousness of Maternal and Child Health Outcomes: Protocol for a Modified Delphi Study
This article determines the seriousness of 11 maternal and child health outcomes associated with pregnancy weight gain, by engaging patients and maternal and child health professionals using an online modified Delphi panel process.
Jan 12, 2021
Journal Article
Rating the Seriousness of Maternal and Child Health Outcomes Linked with Pregnancy Weight Gain
This article estimates the seriousness of eleven maternal and child health outcomes that have been consistently associated with pregnancy weight gain by engaging patients and health professionals.
Jan 12, 2021
Report
Examining Interventions to Address Infant Mortality in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Poor birth and infant outcomes and pronounced racial disparities persist in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, despite robust maternal and child health and social service systems. Which interventions are the most effective and how does effectiveness vary for women with different risk and other factors?
Jan 6, 2021
Journal Article
Barriers and Facilitators of Kangaroo Mother Care Adoption in Five Chinese Hospitals: A Qualitative Study
We provided a comprehensive report on the multi-level KMC barriers and facilitators in China. We recommend policy interventions addressing these barriers and facilitators and increase family and peer support to improve KMC adoption in China.
Nov 12, 2020
Journal Article
A Review of Best Practices for Monitoring and Improving Inpatient Pediatric Patient Experiences
We reviewed the literature on best practices for monitoring performance and undertaking activities aimed at improving pediatric patient and family experiences of inpatient care.
Mar 18, 2020
Commentary
Policies That Punish Pregnant Women for Substance Use Don't Help Mother or Baby
About half of all U.S. states now have policies that criminalize substance use during pregnancy, consider it grounds for civil commitment, or consider it child abuse or neglect. But research suggests that punitive policies aren't beneficial for infants or their mothers.
Jan 28, 2020
News Release
The NHS Spends Significantly Less on Pregnancy-Related Research Compared with Other Health Conditions
The National Health Service spends significantly less on pregnancy-related research compared with other health conditions. Funding for pregnancy research totaled £255 million from 2013 to 2017, or about £51 million a year. As pregnancy care costs the NHS £5.8 billion annually, this means that for every £1 spent on pregnancy care, less than 1 penny is spent on research.
Jan 14, 2020

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RAND Topic:
Pediatric Medicine

Topic Synonyms:
Pediatrics

Research conducted by

RAND Health Care

Researcher Spotlight

Laura J. Faherty

Physician Policy Researcher

Laura Faherty (she/her) is a physician policy researcher at the RAND Corporation, professor of policy analysis at the Pardee RAND Graduate School, and attending physician at Maine Medical Center. Prior to joining RAND, she was a Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholar at the University of…
Courtney A. Gidengil

Director, Boston Office

Courtney A. Gidengil is director of RAND's Boston office and a senior physician policy researcher at the RAND Corporation. Her research portfolio focus is on improving the safety, quality, and value of health care. Dr. Gidengil trained as a resident in pediatrics at Hasbro Children's Hospital…

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