Journal Article
From "Informed" to "Engaged" Consent: Risks and Obligations in Consent for Participation in a Health Data Repository
This paper focuses on research stakeholders' views of a model of consent appropriate to biobanking and research infrastructure initiatives like the AoURP and Project Baseline that entail long-term storage and undetermined future research use of multiple types of health data.
2020
Journal Article
Return of Value in the New Era of Biomedical Research: One Size Will Not Fit All
Determining appropriate return of value in biomedical research will entail finding the point of equilibrium between feasibility and usefulness.
Nov 21, 2019
Report
Profile of Institutional Review Board Characteristics Prior to the 2019 Implementation of the Revised Common Rule
This report details the results of a survey of institutional research boards (IRBs) to obtain baseline information on their demographics and their attitudes about their IRBs and the likely effects of proposed changes to the Revised Common Rule.
Jul 31, 2019
Report
Evaluation Approaches for Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention Programs
This handbook provides guidance to practitioners and organizations interested in evaluating mental health prevention and early intervention programs.
Jun 13, 2017
Journal Article
Can Latino Food Trucks (Loncheras) Serve Healthy Meals? A Feasibility Study
Regulation, monitoring, and feedback could help owners and operators of Latino food trucks expand and maintain this program to serve healthy meals.
Apr 26, 2017
Journal Article
Physician Professional Satisfaction and Area of Clinical Practice: Evidence from an Integrated Health Care Delivery System
High levels of physician professional satisfaction were found across multiple specialties and primary care in the closed, integrated practice setting of Southern California Permanente Medical Group.
May 9, 2016
Journal Article
A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Team-Based Competition to Increase Learner Participation in Quality-Improvement Education
We investigated whether the incorporation of team-based game mechanics into an evidence-based online learning platform could increase resident participation in a QI curriculum.
Feb 29, 2016
Research Brief
California's Statewide Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention Initiatives Show Promising Early Results, But Sustained Investment Is Needed
Summarizes findings from an evaluation of a set of California initiatives to help reduce mental health stigma and discrimination, prevent suicide, and improve student mental health.
Sep 16, 2015
Journal Article
A Quasi-Experimental Evaluation of Performance Improvement Teams in the Safety-Net: A Labor-Management Partnership Model for Engaging Frontline Staff
We evaluated the UBT model implemented by the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services in partnership with its union to engage frontline staff in improving patient care.
Jul 28, 2015
Journal Article
Emergency Physician Perceptions of Medically Unnecessary Advanced Diagnostic Imaging
A substantial proportion of advanced imaging studies ordered by emergency physicians may be medically unnecessary.
Apr 7, 2015
Journal Article
Emergency Physician Perceptions of Shared Decision-Making
A substantial proportion of advanced imaging studies ordered by emergency physicians may be medically unnecessary.
Apr 7, 2015
Journal Article
Urological Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Flares and Their Impact: Qualitative Analysis in the MAPP Network
The authors conducted eight focus groups of female UCPPS (interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome) patients at four sites from the MAPP Research Network to explore the full spectrum of flares and their impact on patients' lives.
Apr 7, 2015
Report
Evaluation of California's Statewide Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention Programs: Summary of Key Year 2 Findings
This report summarizes key findings from the second year of an evaluation of the California Mental Health Services Authority's statewide prevention and early intervention programs.
Feb 3, 2015
Journal Article
Evaluating Simulation-Derived Scenarios for Effective Decision Support
This study uses behavioral experiments and structured decision-maker interviews to evaluate the results of scenario discovery, a quantitative method that defines scenarios as sets of future states of the world in which proposed policies fail to meet their goals.
2015
Report
Recommendations for Sustaining California's Statewide Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention Programs
Provides preliminary advice about which of the California Mental Health Services Authority's Prevention and Early Intervention activities seem most valuable to sustain or, in some cases, enhance.
Aug 5, 2014
Research Brief
What Has the CalMHSA Statewide Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention Implementation Program Done So Far? Key Results from the Baseline RAND General Population Survey
This fact sheet summarizes findings from a baseline statewide survey of Californians regarding their knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes regarding the mental health issues that are the focus of the state' prevention and early intervention program.
Jul 11, 2014
Report
Evaluation of the California Mental Health Services Authority's Prevention and Early Intervention Initiatives: Progress and Preliminary Findings
Evaluates the progress of the California Mental Health Services Authority's statewide Prevention and Early Intervention initiatives.
Jul 3, 2014
Report
Designing a System for Collecting Policy-Relevant Data for the Kurdistan Region — Iraq: Arabic-language version
Surveys the availability of reliable policy-relevant data in the Kurdistan Region -- Iraq, identifies the high-priority areas for which more data are required, and develops guidance for a system to collect and disseminate these data on an ongoing basis.
May 23, 2014
Report
Designing a System for Collecting Policy-Relevant Data for the Kurdistan Region — Iraq: Kurdish-language version
Surveys the availability of reliable policy-relevant data in the Kurdistan Region -- Iraq, identifies the high-priority areas for which more data are required, and develops guidance for a system to collect and disseminate these data on an ongoing basis.
May 1, 2014
Report
Designing a System for Collecting Policy-Relevant Data for the Kurdistan Region — Iraq
Surveys the availability of reliable policy-relevant data in the Kurdistan Region -- Iraq, identifies the high-priority areas for which more data are required, and develops guidance for a system to collect and disseminate these data on an ongoing basis.
Apr 18, 2014
Research Brief
What Has the CalMHSA Statewide Mental Health Prevention and Early Intervention Implementation Program Done So Far? Summary and Commentary for Year 1 Evaluation
This fact sheet assesses the progress that partners in California's Prevention and Early Intervention (PEI) Program have made so far in developing capacities and reaching Californians in accordance with the statewide strategic PEI plan.
Mar 4, 2014
Report
Evaluation of the California Mental Health Services Authority's Prevention and Early Intervention Initiatives: Executive Summary and Commentary
Provides a summary and commentary on a RAND interim evaluation of the California Mental Health Services Authority statewide prevention and early intervention program.
Feb 11, 2014
Journal Article
Sleep Disturbances and Nocturnal Symptoms: Relationships with Quality of Life in a Population-Based Sample of Women with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome
Sleep problems make life for women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome even more uncomfortable.
2014
Journal Article
Consequences of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Symptoms on Women's Work Participation and Income: Results from a National Household Sample
We describe differences in work participation and income by bladder symptom impact and comorbidities among women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.
2014
Journal Article
Symptom Persistence in a Community Cohort of Women with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS): 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-Month Follow-Up from the RICE Cohort
The purpose of this study was to determine whether symptoms persist among a population-based sample of women.
2014
Journal Article
Health-related Quality of Life in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Frequently Associated Comorbidities
In patients with IC/BPS, the presence of FM, CFS, and IBS has a significant association with HRQOL, equivalent in impact to the bladder symptoms themselves.
Sep 1, 2013
Report
CMS Innovation Center Health Care Innovation Awards: Evaluation Plan
The Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation has funded 108 projects implementing new service delivery or payment models intended to deliver lower cost through improving quality of care. This report describes a strategy for evaluating the results.
Aug 15, 2013
Journal Article
California's Historic Effort to Reduce the Stigma of Mental Illness: The Mental Health Services Act
In a historic effort to reduce the stigma of mental illness, California voters approved the Mental Health Services Act in 2004.
May 1, 2013
Report
Exploring the Addition of Physician Identifiers to the California Hospital Discharge Data Set
Explores issues associated with requiring the inclusion of physician identifiers in the California hospital discharge data set and the potential use of physician-identified data.
Feb 7, 2013
Journal Article
Making the Value Case Webinar
This webinar explains how Prevention and Early Intervention (PEI) program investments relate to short-term and long-term goals using a PEI Logic Model framework.
2013
Journal Article
The Prevalence and Overlap of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Men: Results of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology Male Study
As part of the RICE (RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology) study, we developed validated case definitions to identify interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome in women and chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men.
2013
Journal Article
Temporal Ordering of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Non-Bladder Conditions
The authors examine the prevalence and timing of nonbladder conditions in a community cohort of women with symptoms of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS).
Dec 1, 2012
Journal Article
Validation of a Quality-of-Life Scale for Women with Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis
The RICE BSI-6 shows excellent internal consistency and strong convergent validity.
Nov 1, 2012
Draft
The Prevalence and Overlap of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Men: Results of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology (RICE) Male Study: Supplementary Table
Supplementary table for the article ''The Prevalence and Overlap of Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome and Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Men: Results of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology Male Study.''
Oct 11, 2012
Journal Article
Comparison of an Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Clinical Cohort with Symptomatic Community Women from the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology Study
The RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology survey estimated that 2.7% to 6.5% of United States women have urinary symptoms consistent with a diagnosis of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome.
Feb 1, 2012
Journal Article
Suicidal Ideation Among Patients with Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis
Bladder pain syndrome or interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) severity may not increase the likelihood of suicidal ideation except via severity of depression symptoms.
2012
Brochure
Proposed Directions of Change to the Common Rule for Protecting Human Research Participants: RAND Responses
Documents RAND's responses to proposed changes in the Common Rule, which regulates Institutional Review Board protection of human research participants.
Dec 2, 2011
Journal Article
Prevalence of Symptoms of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis Among Adult Females in the United States
Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis symptoms are widespread among United States women and associated with considerable disability. Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis may be underdiagnosed.
Aug 1, 2011
Draft
Development, Validation and Testing of an Epidemiological Case Definition of Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome: Supplementary Tables
Supplementary tables for the article ''Development, Validation and Testing of an Epidemiological Case Definition of Interstitial Cystitis/painful Bladder Syndrome'' (EP-20100091) published in The Journal of Urology, v. 183, no. 5, May 2010, p. 1848-1852.
Jun 22, 2011
Journal Article
Depressive Disorders and Panic Attacks in Women with Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis: A Population-Based Sample
Clinicians should be alert to complaints of bladder pain in patients seeking treatment for depressive or anxiety disorders and to complaints of emotional or personal problems in patients seeking treatment for painful bladder symptoms.
Mar 1, 2011
Journal Article
Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Dysfunction Among Women with Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis
Nearly 90% of women with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis report sexual dysfunction and reduced quality of life.
2011
Research Brief
Sexual Orientation and U.S. Personnel Policy Revisited
Summarizes results of a RAND Corporation study on sexual orientation and U.S. military policy requested by the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Secretary of Defense in order to weigh repeal of the law known as "Don't Ask, Don't Tell."
Dec 23, 2010
Report
Sexual Orientation and U.S. Military Personnel Policy: An Update of RAND's 1993 Study
Shares results of a study on sexual orientation and U.S. military policy, requested by the Senate Armed Services Committee and the Secretary of Defense in order to weigh the repeal of the law known as ''Don't Ask, Don't Tell.''
Nov 18, 2010
Journal Article
Development, Validation and Testing of an Epidemiological Case Definition of Interstitial Cystitis/Painful Bladder Syndrome
For prevalence studies of interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome, the best approach may be to use two definitions of the syndrome that yield a range. Case definitions developed in the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology study can be used for this purpose.
2010
Journal Article
It's Better on TV: Does Television Set Teenagers Up for Regret Following Sexual Initiation?
Interventions that limit teenagers' exposure to televised sexual content, that provide a more accurate portrayal of sexuality than typically depicted on television or that help adolescents think critically about televised sexual content may help teenagers make more carefully considered decisions about sexual debut.
2009
Journal Article
Simultaneous Recruitment of Drug Users and Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States and Russia Using Respondent-Driven Sampling: Sampling Methods and Implications
The Sexual Acquisition and Transmission of HIV Cooperative Agreement Program (SATHCAP) examined the role of drug use in the sexual transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from traditional high-risk groups.
2009
Research Brief
Exposure to Sex on TV May Increase the Chance of Teen Pregnancy
Offers some practical implications based on the first study to demonstrate a link between exposure to sexual content on TV and subsequently becoming pregnant or being responsible for a pregnancy before the age of 20.
Nov 3, 2008
Draft
Use of Incentives in Surveys Supported by Federal Grants: Paper Presented at Council of Professional Associations on Federal Statistics Seminar Titled "Survey Respondent Incentives: Research and Practice" March 10, 2008
Discusses how financial incentives are used in survey research undertaken under federal grants.
Jul 8, 2008
Report
Comparing Alternative U.S. Counterterrorism Strategies: Can Assumption-Based Planning Help Elevate the Debate?
Often, emotion and uncertainty can lead to difficulty in assessing solutions to controversial problems. This briefing reports on assumption-based planning workshops discussing alternative U.S. counterterrorism strategies.
Apr 6, 2008
Report
Preparing for an Uncertain Future Climate in the Inland Empire: Identifying Robust Water-Management Strategies
This briefing presents an analysis of how different adaptive water-management strategies may reduce Southern California's vulnerability to climate change and other planning uncertainties.
Jan 22, 2008
Research Brief
Identifying and Reducing Climate-Change Vulnerabilities in Water-Management Plans
This research brief summarizes work with Southern California's Inland Empire Utilities Agency to help it identify climate-change vulnerabilities in its long-term water plans and evaluate its most effective options for managing those risks.
Jan 22, 2008
Report
Presenting Uncertainty About Climate Change to Water-Resource Managers: A Summary of Workshops with the Inland Empire Utilities Agency
RAND researchers are working with water agencies in California to help them better understand how climate change might affect their systems and what actions they may need to take to address this challenge. This report documents the study.
Jan 2, 2008
Journal Article
Does Watching Sex on Television Predict Teen Pregnancy? Findings from a National Longitudinal Survey of Youth
Data from a national survey of teens were used to assess whether exposure to televised sexual content predicted subsequent pregnancy for girls or responsibility for pregnancy for boys. Exposure to televised sexual content predicted teen pregnancy.
2008
Journal Article
Virginity Pledges Among the Willing: Delays in First Intercourse and Consistency of Condom Use
Virginity pledges appear to be an effective means of delaying sexual intercourse initiation among those inclined to pledge without influencing other sexual behavior; pledging does not affect sexual safety among pledgers who fail to remain abstinent.
2008
Report
Redesign of the National Hospital Discharge Survey: Conceptual Framework and Feasibility Study: Final Report
Describes the first phase of an effort to develop an approach to redesigning the National Hospital Discharge Survey and to identify and recommend, through a feasibility study, specific data elements and field procedures for that survey.
Apr 24, 2007
Report
Hospital Field Manual for the National Hospital Discharge Survey Redesign Pilot Study: November 2006
A companion volume to TR-475-HLTH that offers the instructions to the hospitals that were used for the feasibility study documented in that report.
Apr 22, 2007
Journal Article
Symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis, Painful Bladder Syndrome and Similar Diseases in Women: A Systematic Review
In terms of symptoms interstitial cystitis and painful bladder syndrome may be the same entity.
2007
Report
Symptoms of Interstitial Cystitis, Painful Bladder Syndrome and Similar Diseases in Women: A Systematic Review
Reports the results of a systematic literature review to determine how best to distinguish interstitial cystitis from related conditions.
2007
Research Brief
Disparities in Care for HIV Patients: Results of the HCSUS Study
This research brief summarizes the findings on access to care from the HIV Costs and Services Utilization Study (HCSUS), the first comprehensive U.S. survey of health care use among a nationally representative sample of HIV-positive patients.
Apr 3, 2006
Journal Article
Exposure to Degrading Versus Nondegrading Music Lyrics and Sexual Behavior Among Youth
Early sexual activity is a significant problem in the United States.
2006
Report
Sexual Readiness, Household Policies, and Other Predictors of Adolescents' Exposure to Sexual Content in Mainstream Entertainment Television
Identifies predictors of adolescents' exposure to the sexual content of television using a national telephone survey of 1,762 adolescents ages 12-17.
2006
Journal Article
Will Financial Incentives Stimulate Quality Improvement? Reactions from Frontline Physicians
Many support increased pay for delivering high-quality care but question measurement accuracy, bonus payment financing, and health plan involvement.
2006
Report
Gender Differences in Major Federal External Grant Programs
Determines whether gender differences exist in federal research grant awards and funding.
Sep 7, 2005
Report
Assessment of the National Patient Safety Initiative: Context and Baseline Evaluation Report I
Assesses the context and goals that were the foundation for the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality's patient safety initiative.
May 9, 2005
Journal Article
HIV-infected Population National Data
The use of contraceptive methods in HIV-infected populations has been little studied.
2005
Journal Article
Racial and Ethnic Segmentation of Female Prostitution in Los Angeles County
The authors examined the hidden population of women who solicit clients in private locales off the street.
2005
Report
Social Cognitive Processes Mediating the Relationship Between Exposure to Television's Sexual Content and Adolescents' Sexual Behavior
Tests a model explaining the association between exposure to televised sexual content and initiation of intercourse among an ethnically diverse national sample of 1,292 adolescents.
2005
Research Brief
Does Watching Sex on Television Influence Teens' Sexual Activity?
Two recent studies led by RAND Health behavioral scientist Rebecca Collins examined the impact of TV sex on teenagers' sexual beliefs and activities.
2004
Journal Article
The Emotional and Behavioral Impact of Terrorism on Children: Results from a National Survey
Significant differences in terrorism-related topics discussed and symptoms reported among different sociodemographic groups suggest that the impact of terrorism may be unevenly distributed across society, which has important implications for terrorism preparedness and response policies.
2004
Journal Article
Healthy Passages: A Multilevel, Multimethod Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health
This research project could provide an empirical basis for effective social and educational policies and intervention programs.
2004
Journal Article
Identifying Likely Duplicates by Record Linkage in a Survey of Prostitutes
Concerns about duplicates in an anonymous survey, general frameworks for record linkage, and estimating probabilities of duplication in the LAWHRS.
2004
Journal Article
A National Longitudinal Study of the Psychological Consequences of the September 11, 2001 Terrorist Attacks: Reactions, Impairment, and Help-Seeking
This article examines the evolution of psychological and behavioral reactions following the September 2001 terrorist attacks in a nationally representative sample, and describes where people turned for support, information, and counseling.
2004
Journal Article
The Prevalence of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance in the United States
Antiretroviral therapy has dramatically reduced the morbidity and mortality of infection due to HIV.
2004
Journal Article
Watching Sex on Television Predicts Adolescent Initiation of Sexual Behavior
Early sexual initiation is an important social and health issue.
2004
Journal Article
Development of the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Correction Quality of Life Questionnaire: Focus Groups
Develop a questionnaire with content validity to compare the impact of different correction modes in vision-targeted, health-related quality of life.
2003
Journal Article
Entertainment Television as a Healthy Sex Educator: The Impact of Condom-Efficacy Information in an Episode of Friends
Television is often decried as a negative influence on the sexual attitudes and behavior of America's adolescents.
2003
Journal Article
Incremental Treatment Costs in National Cancer Institute-sponsored Clinical Trials
Concern about additional costs for direct patient care impedes efforts to enroll patients in clinical trials.
2003
Journal Article
Responsiveness of the National Eye Institute Refractive Error Quality of Life Instrument to Surgical Correction of Refractive Error
The NEI-RQL is responsive to changes in vision-targeted health-related quality of life resulting from keratorefractive surgery.
2003
Journal Article
Consumers and Health Care Quality Information: Need, Availability, Utility
This report describes the needs for health information among California consumers as a group and focus on a few special populations-people over age 55, Spanish- and English-speaking people who describe themselves as Hispanics, people with less than a high school education, and people who rate their health as fair or poor.
2002
Research Brief
After 9-11: Stress and Coping Across America
Events in recent years have taught us that individuals need not be present at a catastrophic event to experience stress symptoms.
2002
Testimony
After 9/11: Stress and Coping Across America
Testimony submitted to the United States Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions field hearing on "9/11 and NYC Children" June 10, 2002.
2002
Journal Article
Development, Reliability, and Validity of the Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA-38) Survey
To develop a reliable and valid instrument to measure older adults' expectations regarding aging.
2002
Research Brief
Understanding the Sexual Behavior of Adolescents
As part of an ongoing program of research on risk behavior, Mark Schuster and his colleagues examined the range of adolescent sexual activity.
2002
Journal Article
The Care of HIV-infected Adults in Rural Areas of the United States
Few American adults received HIV care in rural areas of the United States.
2001
Journal Article
Contraceptive Use by Couples When One Partner Is Infected with HIV
Use of condoms in this population is highly prevalent, and is nearly universal among those using any contraceptive method.
2001
Journal Article
Development of the 25-Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire
The reliability and validity of the NEI VFQ-25 are comparable to those of the 51-item NEI VFQ field test version of the survey.
2001
Journal Article
Expectations Regarding Aging Among Older Adults and Physicians Who Care for Older Adults
Further study should determine whether physicians address mental health aspects of aging valued by older persons.
2001
Journal Article
Expenditures for the Care of HIV-infected Patients in the Era of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
The total cost of care for adults with HIV infection has declined since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy.
2001
Report
Measuring the Incremental Cost of Clinical Cancer Research
Measuring the Incremental Cost of Clinical Cancer Research
2001
Journal Article
A National Survey of Stress Reactions After the September 11, 2001, Terrorist Attacks
People who are not present at a traumatic event may experience stress reactions.
2001
Report
Using Hospital Tumor Registries to Identify Research Subjects
Investigates the feasibility and cost of using hospital tumor registry data for identifying cancer patients with particular clinical characteristics.
2001
Report
The Cost of Cancer Treatment Study's Design and Methods
Traditionally, the cost of conducting cancer clinical trials has been supported by a combination of research sponsors, institutions, and third-party payers. Documents the design and methods of the Cost of Cancer Treatment Study (CCTS).
2000
Journal Article
Access of Vulnerable Groups to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Persons in Care for HIV Disease in the United States
HIV-positive persons with the greatest need (defined by a low CD4 count) are most likely to have early access to HAART (suggests equitable access).
2000
Research Brief
Access to HIV Care: Initial Results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study
The first study to demonstrate systemic, socioeconomic differences in access to HIV care across all regions of America.
2000
Research Brief
Changing the Policy Toward Homosexuals in the U.S. Military
In January 1993, President Clinton mandated the end of sexual-orientation discrimination in the U.S. military. RAND was asked to provide a comprehensive analysis of the issues involved and evaluate different courses of action that could be taken to implement the president's objectives.
2000
Research Brief
Caring for HIV Patients: Good News and Bad News
The good news about HIV care in the United States is that treatment costs are not prohibitive. The bad news, however, is that one-half to two-thirds of American adults infected with HIV do not get regular care.
1999
Report
Drawing a probability sample of female prostitutes in Los Angeles County
Drawing a probability sample of female prostitutes in Los Angeles County
1999
Journal Article
National Probability Samples in Studies of Low-Prevalence Diseases
It is possible to design and implement a national probability sample of persons with a low-prevalence disease, even if it is stigmatized.
1999
Journal Article
National Probability Samples in Studies of Low-Prevalence Diseases
Multistage probability sampling through providers can provide nationally representative data on persons receiving medical care for uncommon diseases.
1999
Research Brief
A Portrait of the HIV+ Population in America: Initial Results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study
This data, collected by an innovative method of probability sampling, also provides a national context for interpreting the results of previous studies based on non-representative samples.
1999
Journal Article
Variations in the Care of HIV-infected Adults in the United States: Results from the HIV Cost and Services Utilization Study
Studies of selected populations suggest that not all persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) receive adequate care.
1999
Journal Article
The Care of HIV-Infected Adults in the United States
The total cost of medical care for HIV-infected Americans accounts for < 1 percent of all direct personal health expenditures in the United States.
1998
Journal Article
Identifying the Content Area for the 51-Item National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire
Empirical evidence of content validity for a vision-targeted, health-related quality of life survey designed for use across conditions.
1998
Report
Impact of a High School Condom Availability Program on Sexual Attitudes and Behaviors
The condom availability program appears not to have produced an increase in sexual activity among high school students, and it appears to have led to improved condom use among males.
1998
Journal Article
Psychometric Properties of the National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire
NEI-VFQ should be a useful tool for group-level comparisons of vision-targeted, health-related quality of life in clinical research.
1998
Report
Students' Acquisition and Use of School Condoms in a High School Condom Availability Program
Describes the impact of a condom availability program located in an urban high school that serves a racially and socioeconomically diverse community in Los Angeles County.
1998
Report
Derivation and properties of a brief health status assessment instrument for use in HIV disease
Derivation and properties of a brief health status assessment instrument for use in HIV disease
1996
Report
The impact of zidovudine compared with didanosine on health status and functioning in persons with advanced HIV infection and a varying duration of prior zidovudine therapy
The impact of zidovudine compared with didanosine on health status and functioning in persons with advanced HIV infection and a varying duration of prior zidovudine therapy
1996
Draft
Measuring Patient-Centered Outcomes in the Pfizer-CCTG Trial of Azithromycin vs. Rifabutin vs. Both for the Prevention of HIV-Associated Mycobacterium avium: Instruments, Methods, Application, and Results
The authors assess health-status outcomes of prophylaxis for Mycobacterium avium bacteremia in patients with advanced HIV disease. This report summaries the developmental work performed for trials, the field experience, and associated findings.
1996
Report
Health status and function with Zidovudine or Zalcitabine as initial therapy for AIDS : a randomized controlled trial
Health status and function with Zidovudine or Zalcitabine as initial therapy for AIDS : a randomized controlled trial
1995
Draft
Measuring Patient-Centered Outcomes in ACTG 116/117: Instruments, Methods, Application, and Results
In this study, health status and quality of life in patients with advanced HIV disease were systematically measured as part of clinical trials that compared the benefits of didanosine to zidovudine in persons with varying experience with zidovudine.
1995
Report
Analytic difficulties in applying quality of life outcomes to clinical trials of therapy for HIV disease
Analytic difficulties in applying quality of life outcomes to clinical trials of therapy for HIV disease
1994
Report
Measuring Patient-Reported Health Status in Advanced HIV Disease: HIV-PARSE Survey Instrument
Interest in using patient reported health status assessments as an outcome in clinical trials of therapies for HIV disease is increasing. This document presents such an assessment, the HIV-PARSE survey instrument.
1994
Journal Article
A Perceived Health Index for Use in Persons with Advanced HIV Disease: Derivation, Reliability, and Validity
Using health status measures adapted from the MOS scale and contained in the HIV-PARSE survey instrument, RAND developed a perceived health index for people with advanced HIV disease.
1994
Report
Methods of Collecting Health Data
1993
Report
Sexual Orientation and U.S. Military Personnel Policy: Options and Assessment
This report presents the RAND study that resulted from a request to assist the Secretary of Defense in drafting an Executive Order to end discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation in the U.S. Armed Forces.
1993
Draft
Small Communities and EPA Regulations: Developing a Research Strategy
1993
Journal Article
Methods of Collecting Health Data
This chapter describes the survey methods of data collection, including short screening forms administered to patients in doctors' offices and questionnaires that are mailed to respondents.
1992
Journal Article
Methods of Sampling
This chapter discusses sampling goals and methods. An important feature of the MOS sampling strategy was the selection of patients for follow-up according to the tracer conditions: hypertension, diabetes, depression, and heart disease.
1992
Journal Article
Summary and Discussion of MOS Measures
The MOS measures reflect the influence and contributions of many other investigators in the field of health assessment. The measures are based most directly on the health measures developed for the RAND Health Insurance Experiment (HIE), which in turn were based on the work of many others.
1992
Research Brief
Accidental Injury Compensation in the United States
This research brief summarizes the results of a study of accidental injury costs compensation, focusing on the tort liability system.
1991
Report
AIDS-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors in Los Angeles County
Documents the results of a telephone survey conducted between October 1989 and January 1990 on a random sample of 1,305 adult residents of Los Angeles County.
1991