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HIV and AIDS

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In the 1980s, soon after AIDS and HIV were first recognized, RAND Health conducted the first major research effort to collect information on a nationally representative sample of people receiving care for HIV infection. Today, RAND research addresses a wide range of HIV/AIDS-related issues around the world, including access, cost, and quality of care; antiretroviral treatment; and the effective allocation of prevention resources.

Essay

Improving HIV and Mental Health Care in Uganda

Jan 5, 2017

A small team of RAND researchers has spent years working with local clinics in Uganda to help people not just survive HIV, but learn to live with it, and even thrive.
Research Brief

The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in Addressing HIV

Apr 27, 2017

In a series of collaborative studies, RAND researchers sought to better understand urban congregations' capacity for HIV prevention and care, specifically in the areas of stigma reduction and HIV testing.

Explore HIV and AIDS

Journal Article

Inter-Group and Intraminority-Group Discrimination Experiences and the Coping Responses of Latino Sexual Minority Men Living With HIV

We conducted 30 qualitative interviews with HIV-positive Latino sexual minority men about recent discrimination events (context, details, perpetrator, type) and how they coped with these events.

Mar 18, 2021
Journal Article

Cost Evaluation of Integrating Local HIV and Housing Data to Facilitate Service Coordination in Four Demonstration Sites

As part of the evaluation of a federal initiative to integrate HIV medical and housing data at four local jurisdictions in the U.S., we estimated the financial costs of implementing data integration occurring from June 2016 to August 2018.

Mar 12, 2021
Journal Article

Project SLIP: Implementation of a PrEP Screening and Linkage Intervention in Primary Care

The study developed and pilot-tested a PrEP screener for use in primary care clinics to help facilitate PrEP uptake. Findings suggest that brief HIV risk screening in primary care is acceptable, feasible, and shows preliminary effects in increasing PrEP referral rates.

Mar 5, 2021
Journal Article

Longitudinal Assessment of Changes in Mental and Sexual Health Outcomes Due to COVID-19 Among Latinx SMM and TGW

This study provides longitudinal information on how COVID-19 is impacting the mental and sexual health of Latinx SMM and TGW across Los Angeles County.

Jan 8, 2021
Journal Article

Rapid Mixed-Methods Assessment of COVID-19 Impact on Latinx Sexual Minority Men and Latinx Transgender Women

A rapid, mixed-methods assessment to understand how COVID-19 affected Latinx sexual minority men (LSMM) and transgender women (LTGW).

Jan 8, 2021
Q&A

Medical Mistrust Could Reduce Vaccine Uptake: Q&A with Laura Bogart

Laura Bogart, a senior behavioral scientist, studies how discrimination feeds medical mistrust and conspiracy beliefs. Her research on how mistrust became a barrier to treatment for Black Americans during the HIV epidemic sheds light on why some might question the safety of a COVID-19 vaccine.

Dec 23, 2020
Journal Article

Delayed Treatment for People Living with HIV in China, 2004–2016: An Analysis of An Observational Cohort

This study analyzed the late testing and lag time between HIV diagnosis and initiation of antiretroviral treatment from 2004 to 2016 and identified the risk factors for delayed initiation of ART.

Nov 12, 2020
Journal Article

Perceptions and Determinants of Healthy Eating for People with HIV in the Dominican Republic Who Experience Food Insecurity

PLHIV who experience food insecurity face various barriers to engaging in healthy dietary behaviours. Their diets are influenced at multiple levels of influence ranging from individual to structural, requiring multi-level interventions that can address these factors concurrently.

Oct 7, 2020
Journal Article

A Pilot Test of Game Changers, a Social Network Intervention to Empower People with HIV to Be Prevention Advocates in Uganda

We developed and conducted a pilot test of Game Changers, a 6-session group-based intervention that aims to empower people with HIV to be agents for HIV prevention by initiating conversations about HIV with social network members.

Aug 7, 2020
Journal Article

Evaluation of Longitudinal Surrogate Markers

In this paper, we propose a model-free definition for the proportion of the treatment effect on the primary outcome that is explained by the treatment effect on the longitudinal surrogate markers.

Aug 4, 2020
Blog

RAND's Response to a Past Pandemic: HIV/AIDS

In the 1980s, HIV/AIDS killed 90 percent of those infected. RAND was at the forefront of the research response, providing key data on costs of care, barriers to access, and the disease's effects on quality of life. RAND continues to pursue ways to ease HIV's impact in the United States and Africa.

May 19, 2020
Journal Article

Changes in ART Adherence Relate to Changes in Depression as Well! Evidence for the Bi-directional Longitudinal Relationship Between Depression and ART Adherence from a Prospective Study of HIV Clients in Uganda

While other research has examined and supported the influence of depression on ART adherence, our data support the reciprocal relationship: that non-adherence and changes in adherence are associated with levels and changes in depression.

May 12, 2020
Journal Article

Gearing Up for PrEP in the Middle East and North Africa: An Initial Look at Willingness to Take PrEP Among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men in Beirut, Lebanon

These findings delineate a need and opportunity for public health researchers to work with Ministries of Health and policy makers to extend pre-exposure prophylaxis coverage and services to young men who have sex with men.

Apr 30, 2020
Journal Article

Mixed-methods Study of Integration of Housing and Medical Data Systems for Enhanced Service Coordination of People with HIV

Improving service coordination through integrated data systems requires a number of complex steps at the organizational, technical, end user, and educational levels. Successful integration includes extensive need for human engagement, training, and buy-in, as well as allowing for sufficient time to complete all steps.

Apr 21, 2020
Brochure

Effecting Change, Improving Health

The RAND Corporation is dedicated to transforming the wellbeing of all people by improving health care systems in the United States and abroad.

Feb 7, 2020
Journal Article

Congregational Involvement in HIV: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Factors Influencing HIV Activity Among Diverse Urban Congregations

This paper utilizes comparative case methods and qualitative case data from a sample of urban congregations, and examines a range of factors to identify case scenarios associated with congregations involved in different levels of HIV activity.

Dec 13, 2019
Journal Article

Developing Pilot Interventions to Address Food Insecurity and Nutritional Needs of People Living With HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Interinstitutional Approach Using Formative Research

Documenting high levels of food insecurity and overweight among people with HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean and highlighting food gaps have important implications for interventions, since prior efforts to address food insecurity among people with HIV have focused on underweight and wasting.

Dec 12, 2019
Tool

Sharing and Integrating HIV Client Data Across Provider Organizations to Improve Service Coordination: A Toolkit

The authors share lessons learned from a project involving data integration across two federal programs. The goal of this toolkit is to demystify the integration process and help others share data and coordinate services across providers.

Nov 7, 2019
Journal Article

A Religiously-Tailored, Multilevel Intervention in African American Churches to Increase HIV Testing: Rationale and Design of the Taking It to the Pews Cluster Randomized Trial

We describe the rationale and design of a 2-arm cluster randomized trial to test a religiously-tailored HIV testing intervention against a standard information arm on HIV testing rates among AA church members and community members they serve.

Oct 17, 2019
Journal Article

"It Was as Though My Spirit Left, Like They Killed Me": The Disruptive Impact of an HIV-Positive Diagnosis Among Women in the Dominican Republic

A qualitative approach was used to explore the impact of an HIV diagnosis on women in the Dominican Republic and coping strategies after diagnosis. We conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of women living with HIV.

Oct 15, 2019

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RAND Topic:
HIV and AIDS

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