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HIV and AIDS

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In the 1980s, soon after AIDS and HIV were first recognized, RAND Health conducted the first major research effort to collect information on a nationally representative sample of people receiving care for HIV infection. Today, RAND research addresses a wide range of HIV/AIDS-related issues around the world, including access, cost, and quality of care; antiretroviral treatment; and the effective allocation of prevention resources.

Essay

Improving HIV and Mental Health Care in Uganda

Jan 5, 2017

A small team of RAND researchers has spent years working with local clinics in Uganda to help people not just survive HIV, but learn to live with it, and even thrive.
Research Brief

The Role of Faith-Based Organizations in Addressing HIV

Apr 27, 2017

In a series of collaborative studies, RAND researchers sought to better understand urban congregations' capacity for HIV prevention and care, specifically in the areas of stigma reduction and HIV testing.

Explore HIV and AIDS

Journal Article

Journal Article

Congregational Involvement in HIV: A Qualitative Comparative Analysis of Factors Influencing HIV Activity Among Diverse Urban Congregations

This paper utilizes comparative case methods and qualitative case data from a sample of urban congregations, and examines a range of factors to identify case scenarios associated with congregations involved in different levels of HIV activity.

Dec 13, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Developing Pilot Interventions to Address Food Insecurity and Nutritional Needs of People Living With HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean: An Interinstitutional Approach Using Formative Research

Documenting high levels of food insecurity and overweight among people with HIV in Latin America and the Caribbean and highlighting food gaps have important implications for interventions, since prior efforts to address food insecurity among people with HIV have focused on underweight and wasting.

Dec 12, 2019
Tool

Sharing and Integrating HIV Client Data Across Provider Organizations to Improve Service Coordination: A Toolkit

The authors share lessons learned from a project involving data integration across two federal programs. The goal of this toolkit is to demystify the integration process and help others share data and coordinate services across providers.

Nov 7, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

A Religiously-Tailored, Multilevel Intervention in African American Churches to Increase HIV Testing: Rationale and Design of the Taking It to the Pews Cluster Randomized Trial

We describe the rationale and design of a 2-arm cluster randomized trial to test a religiously-tailored HIV testing intervention against a standard information arm on HIV testing rates among AA church members and community members they serve.

Oct 17, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

"It Was as Though My Spirit Left, Like They Killed Me": The Disruptive Impact of an HIV-Positive Diagnosis Among Women in the Dominican Republic

A qualitative approach was used to explore the impact of an HIV diagnosis on women in the Dominican Republic and coping strategies after diagnosis. We conducted in-depth, semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of women living with HIV.

Oct 15, 2019
Report

Identifying Safety-Net Resources at Health Centers to Prevent Infectious Disease Transmission Resulting from the Opioid Epidemic

This study highlights factors that affect Community Health Centers' ability to reduce infectious disease transmission related to the opioid epidemic.

Jun 18, 2019
Essay

Faith-Based Organizations Promote Well-Being in Underserved Communities

Kathryn Derose, a senior policy researcher at RAND and an Episcopal deacon, works with Latino and African-American churches to address health issues in their communities. Her research has shown the power of the pulpit to fight health disparities, counter stigma, and encourage healthy living.

Jan 4, 2019
Report

Report

An evaluation of Dance4Life's social franchising and empowerment models

Dance4Life, an international NGO working with young people on health and promotion of safe sexual choices, asked RAND Europe to conduct a process evaluation of the NGO's new implementation and social franchising pilots.

Nov 20, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

"How Am I Going to Live?": Exploring Barriers to ART Adherence Among Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV in Uganda

Our results highlight special needs for future public health programs and policies meant to address barriers to ART adherence among older adolescents.

Oct 16, 2018
Dissertation

Improving Health Decisions and Outcomes for Chronic Diseases: The Impact of Incentives and Information

Assesses the impact of policies designed to address the treatment and prevention of chronic using a range of causal inference and quantitative methods.

Oct 11, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Mass Incarceration and the Impact of Prison Release on HIV Diagnoses in the US South

In the US South, prison release is significantly associated with HIV incidence; prison release is also a critical period during which inmates living with HIV must be linked with community-based care and treatment.

Aug 28, 2018
Commentary

Public Health Reasons to Tune Into TV's 'Dear White People'

The Netflix series Dear White People shows how sexual decisionmaking can be influenced by race, status, and the power dynamics within a relationship. Public health programs and policies could be better tailored to account for this complexity.

Aug 10, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

An Event-Level Analysis of Condomless Anal Intercourse with a HIV-Discordant or HIV Status-Unknown Partner Among Black Men Who Have Sex with Men from a Multi-site Study

Sexual event factors—characteristics of partners, positions, and partner-seeking venues—associated with condomless anal intercourse among black men who have sex with men vary by HIV status and knowledge of partner status.

Jul 6, 2018
Research Brief

Sexual Behavior and Health Among U.S. Active-Duty Service Members

The 2015 Health Related Behaviors Survey asked active-duty service members about risky sexual practices, contraceptive use and unintended pregnancy, and HIV testing. Levels of sexual risk behaviors across the services may be great enough to increase the potential for rapid spread of HIV and other STIs.

Jun 21, 2018
Report

How Healthy Are U.S. Service Members?

The DoD's Health Related Behaviors Survey asks about health and well-being issues that can affect force readiness. Results from the 2015 survey suggest that certain groups of service members warrant targeted intervention to prevent negative health outcomes and improve behaviors.

Jun 21, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Exploring Treatment Needs and Expectations for People Living with HIV in South Africa: A Qualitative Study

Socio-behavioral interventions to address multi-level barriers to ART initiation may benefit from the inclusion of trained HIV-positive peers.

May 18, 2018
Commentary

The Royal Wedding's Bouquet to Public Health

Prince Harry and Meghan Markle asked the public to donate to charities instead of sending wedding gifts. The causes they are passionate about include helping children with HIV, homelessness, hygiene programs for women in the slums of Mumbai, and bringing sport to disadvantaged youth.

May 17, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Utilization of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Services Among Pregnant Women in HIV Care in Uganda: A 24-Month Cohort of Women from Pre-Conception to Post-Delivery

Improved provider-client communication could enhance post-birth care and prevention of mother-to-child transmission among HIV infected women in care.

May 3, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Exploring and Adapting a Conceptual Model of Sexual Positioning Practices and Sexual Risk Among HIV-Negative Black Men Who Have Sex With Men

Among HIV-negative black men who have sex with men, personal preference, partner attraction, HIV avoidance, and feeling obligated to practice partner preferences influenced sexual positioning. Drug use also affected decision making and was sometimes preferred in order to practice receptive anal intercourse.

Apr 26, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Facilitators and Barriers to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use Among Black Individuals in the United States: Results from the National Survey on HIV in the Black Community (NSHBC)

Among a nationally representative sample of Black individuals, few high risk individuals were willing to use Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), a preventive treatment for the HIV virus.

Apr 17, 2018

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RAND Topic:
HIV and AIDS

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