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Sexually Transmitted Diseases

HIV/AIDS, HPV, chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, and other sexually transmitted diseases can cause depression, pain, and even death. RAND research equips policymakers worldwide with objective data on disease prevention and education, as well as recommendations for improving care while reducing disparities in treatment.

Research Brief

Sexual Behavior and Health Among U.S. Active-Duty Service Members

The 2015 Health Related Behaviors Survey asked active-duty service members about risky sexual practices, contraceptive use and unintended pregnancy, and HIV testing. Levels of sexual risk behaviors across the services may be great enough to increase the potential for rapid spread of HIV and other STIs.

Jun 21, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Exploring Treatment Needs and Expectations for People Living with HIV in South Africa: A Qualitative Study

Socio-behavioral interventions to address multi-level barriers to ART initiation may benefit from the inclusion of trained HIV-positive peers.

May 18, 2018
Commentary

The Royal Wedding's Bouquet to Public Health

Prince Harry and Meghan Markle asked the public to donate to charities instead of sending wedding gifts. The causes they are passionate about include helping children with HIV, homelessness, hygiene programs for women in the slums of Mumbai, and bringing sport to disadvantaged youth.

May 17, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Utilization of Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) Services Among Pregnant Women in HIV Care in Uganda: A 24-Month Cohort of Women from Pre-Conception to Post-Delivery

Improved provider-client communication could enhance post-birth care and prevention of mother-to-child transmission among HIV infected women in care.

May 3, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Exploring and Adapting a Conceptual Model of Sexual Positioning Practices and Sexual Risk Among HIV-Negative Black Men Who Have Sex With Men

Among HIV-negative black men who have sex with men, personal preference, partner attraction, HIV avoidance, and feeling obligated to practice partner preferences influenced sexual positioning. Drug use also affected decision making and was sometimes preferred in order to practice receptive anal intercourse.

Apr 26, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Facilitators and Barriers to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Use Among Black Individuals in the United States: Results from the National Survey on HIV in the Black Community (NSHBC)

Among a nationally representative sample of Black individuals, few high risk individuals were willing to use Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), a preventive treatment for the HIV virus.

Apr 17, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Stigma Gets in My Way: Factors Affecting Client-Provider Communication Regarding Childbearing Among People Living with HIV in Uganda

Among Ugandan HIV clients and health care providers, communication about childbearing needs is poor and associated with stigma.

Apr 10, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Current Research Gaps: A Global Systematic Review of HIV and Sexually Transmissible Infections Among Transgender Populations

Mounting evidence indicates that transgender populations are heavily burdened by HIV and other sexually transmissible infections (STIs); in particular, transgender women who have sex with men and transgender sex workers.

Jan 18, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Disparities in the Quality of Cardiovascular Care Between HIV-Infected Versus HIV-Uninfected Adults in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Study

Physicians in the United States generally underuse cardiovascular care guidelines for high-risk adults and are less likely to prescribe aspirin or statin therapy for HIV-infected patients than uninfected patients.

Dec 15, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Promoting Health from the Pulpit: A Process Evaluation of HIV Sermons to Reduce HIV Stigma and Promote Testing in African American and Latino Churches

Clergy who embedded HIV messaging into sermons showed wide variation in their fidelity to communicating key messages.

Dec 7, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Perceived Cost Advantages and Disadvantages of Purchasing HIV Self-Testing Kits Among Urban Tanzanian Men: An Inductive Content Analysis

Different strategies may be needed to increase male uptake of HIV testing across economic strata.

Nov 30, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Text Messaging for Improving Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence: No Effects After 1 Year in a Randomized Controlled Trial Among Adolescents and Young Adults

Short text reminders to HIV-positive young adults in Uganda did not improve their adherence to antiretroviral therapy regimens, in contrast to prior interventions that used reminder messages.

Nov 2, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Unequal Interactions: Examining the Role of Patient-Centered Care in the Inequitable Diffusion of a Medical Innovation, the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine

This study found significant association between low ratings of providers' patient-centeredness and racial/ethnic disparities in providers' recommendations to vaccinate for HPV and likelihood of parents deciding to vaccinate.

Nov 2, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

This Is Who We Are: Building Community for HIV Prevention with Young Gay and Bisexual Men in Beirut, Lebanon

Programs to diffuse safer sex practices and HIV testing norms among young gay men in Beirut must protect confidentiality and security while promoting social ties and safer sex behavior.

Oct 13, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

"Where It Falls Apart": Barriers to Retention in HIV Care in Latino Immigrants and Migrants

Latino immigrants in the United States are disproportionately affected by HIV and often experience interruptions in HIV care. Anticipatory guidance that address cultural barriers such as stigma and trust in providers may improve retention in HIV care for this population.

Oct 11, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Process Evaluation of a Peer-Driven, HIV Stigma Reduction and HIV Testing Intervention in Latino and African American Churches

Faith-based organizations may be effective in addressing HIV-related disparities, but few interventions have been implemented across diverse churches.

Sep 26, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Factors Contributing to Food Insecurity Among Women Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: A Qualitative Study

Economic instability is the key driver of food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.

Aug 29, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Barriers to HIV Testing, Linkage to Care, and Treatment Adherence: A Cross-Sectional Study from a Large Urban Center of Brazil

To comprehensively address the needs of people infected with HIV/AIDS, it is important to understand how risk factors for delays or interruptions in care are similar or different across the treatment continuum.

Aug 23, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Severe Food Insecurity Is Associated with Overweight and Increased Body Fat Among People Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic

We found severe food insecurity associated with increased BMI and body fat as well as higher odds of being overweight among PLHIV in the DR.

Aug 17, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Safer Conception for Couples Affected by HIV: Structural and Cultural Considerations in the Delivery of Safer Conception Care in Uganda

Sociocultural and structural factors, such as a reluctance to discuss childbearing desires, can present barriers to the implementation of safer conception counseling for HIV-affected couples.

Aug 3, 2017

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RAND Topic:
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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