Research Brief
Cleaning Up California's Vehicles: Tuning the Policy Mix
Dec 31, 1995
Direct Costs, Direct Emission Effects, and Market Responses
Prefatory Material and Chapters 1-7
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Chapters 8-11
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Chapter 12 and Appendices
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Economic costs and environmental effects are analyzed for California’s multi-pronged strategy for reducing emissions from passenger cars and light-duty trucks, vehicles that are believed to account for a substantial fraction of ozone-producing emissions across the state. The study analyzes costs, emissions effects, effects on vehicle markets, and the distribution of costs for regulations. These regulations include those concerning new gasoline-powered vehicles only, others affecting both new and existing gasoline-powered vehicles, and also the extremely controversial zero-emission vehicle mandate. The study considers policy choice in the face of extreme uncertainty about the effects of several policy elements, particularly the scrappage program, enhanced vehicle inspection and maintenance, on-board emission diagnostic systems, and the zero-emission vehicle mandate. The zero-emission vehicle mandate poses major economic and environmental risks but there are also major risks to repealing the mandate altogether. The study concludes by suggesting principles for making zero-emission vehicle policy in the face a extreme uncertainty about the development of technology for battery-powered electric vehicles and the future effectiveness of policies to control emissions from gasoline vehicles.
Part 1
Preface
Figures
Tables
Acknowledgments
Glossary
Chapter One
Introduction
Chapter Two
Analytic Approach
Chapter Three
Internal Combustion Engine Vehicle Emissions
Chapter Four
Light-Duty Vehicle Regulatory History
Chapter Five
California's Light-Duty Vehicle Strategy
Chapter Six
Direct Costs and Benefits of Hardware-Based ICEV Elements
Chapter Seven
Market-Mediated Effects of ICEV Hardware Elements
Part 2
Chapter Eight
Direct Costs and Benefits of Non-Hardware Based ICEV Elements
Chapter Nine
Market-Mediated Effects of ICEV Non-Hardware Elements
Chapter Ten
Direct Costs and Benefits of the Zero-Emission Vehicle Mandate
Chapter Eleven
Market-Mediated Effects of the ZEV Mandate 1998 to 2002
Part 3
Chapter Twelve
Thinking About Policy Options
Appendix
References
ICJ Publications
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