As the political-military challenge from the People's Republic of China grows in the years ahead, Taiwan's reserve force may need to play a more prominent role in Taipei's strategic relationship with Beijing. The authors of this report assess Taiwan's current reserve force and discuss steps that Taiwan can take to enhance the role of the reserves in deterring and, if necessary, defending against a cross-Strait invasion.
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台湾后备役部队之转型: 内容摘要
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تطوير قوات الاحتياط التايوانية
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Research Questions
- How is Taiwan's reserve force structured, and what are its roles and missions?
- What future capabilities should Taiwan's reserve force seek to counter People's Republic of China (PRC) advantages in air and maritime power projection? What capabilities and specialist units should Taiwan incorporate into the reserve force structure to enable these future capabilities?
- How might Taiwan's reserve force play a more prominent role in Taipei's approach to deterring PRC military aggression?
As the political-military challenge from the People's Republic of China grows in the years ahead, Taiwan's reserve force may need to play a more prominent role in Taipei's strategic relationship with Beijing. The authors of this report assess Taiwan's current reserve force and discuss steps that Taiwan can take to enhance the role of the reserves in deterring and, if necessary, defending against a cross-Strait invasion.
Key Findings
Assessing Taiwan's Reserve Force
- Taiwan has demonstrated an outstanding ability to mobilize its military and society to respond to both man-made and natural disasters. However, the PLA is rapidly modernizing and developing capabilities that will challenge mobilization and employment of Taiwan's reserves in a cross-Taiwan Strait conflict.
- As the number of Taiwan's active-duty soldiers, sailors, airmen, and marines continue to decrease, and the active force transforms to a volunteer rather than a conscript force, reservists will need to assume increasingly difficult missions.
- Taiwan's current approach to reserve force training may be appropriate for many noncombat support personnel in the system, but it seems inadequate for maintaining the readiness of those reserve units that would see combat in the event of an all-out Chinese invasion.
Prospects for an Enhanced Strategic Role
- As the political-military challenge from the People's Republic of China (PRC) grows in the years ahead, the reserve force may need to play a more prominent role in Taipei's approach to deterring PRC aggression.
- By linking reserve force reform and modernization efforts with leadership statements, military exercises, arms sales, and other politically sensitive aspects of Taiwan's defense, Taipei can confront authorities in Beijing with the reality that any invasion campaign they may consider undertaking would meet with overwhelming resistance.
Recommendations
- Employ the reserve force as an instrument of statecraft for deterring People's Republic of China (PRC) use of force and other forms of coercion — for example, by publicly highlighting the reserve force in leadership statements and military exercises, engaging in military-to-military exchanges with the United States, and having the reserves provide technically specialized personnel and units to augment the active force.
- Consider how the reserve force can undermine PRC advantages in the initial stages of an invasion scenario and better exploit domain-specific and geographic aspects of the conflict.
- Develop future reserve capabilities in three promising areas: constraining access to the electromagnetic domain by forming reserve units that specialize in electronic and cyber warfare; denying unimpeded access to the air domain by forming special reserve units for maintaining and operating large numbers of air defense missiles; and impeding access to the sea domain by forming special reserve units for operations employing anti-ship missiles, expanded mine warfare capabilities, advanced antisubmarine warfare technologies, and unmanned surveillance systems.
- Develop and resource new training programs to realize these future capabilities.
Table of Contents
Chapter One
Introduction
Chapter Two
Taiwan Reserve Force Structure
Chapter Three
Reserve Force Roles and Missions: From Peacetime Through Mobilization to War
Chapter Four
Reserve Force Capabilities
Chapter Five
Strategic Analysis
Chapter Six
Future Prospects and Recommendations
Chapter Seven
Conclusion
Appendix
Case Studies of Possible Lessons from Other Reserve Forces
Research conducted by
This research was sponsored by the Office of the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy and conducted within the Forces and Resources Policy Center (FRP) of the RAND National Defense Research Institute, a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the Office of the Secretary of Defense, the Joint Staff, the Unified Combatant Commands, the Navy, the Marine Corps, the defense agencies, and the Defense Intelligence Community.
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