Evaluation Approaches for Key Fresno County Behavioral Health Services

Process and Outcomes Measurement for Crisis Continuum, Supportive Housing, and Forensic Behavioral Health Programs

Shannon D. Donofry, Daniel Siconolfi, Samantha Matthews, Avah Mousavi-Raad, Nicole K. Eberhart

ResearchPublished Jun 25, 2025

This report focuses on distinct categories of behavioral health services that are under the direction of the Fresno County Department of Behavioral Health: crisis continuum, supportive housing, and forensic behavioral health services. The authors provide evaluation guidance for assessing multiple, often heterogenous programs within a given service area. For each service area, the authors provide a logic model describing programs’ structure, processes for implementation, and intended outcomes. Based on environmental scans of the evidence base and best practices in evaluation in each service area, the authors identify the most-important domains for evaluation and provide recommendations for measuring processes and outcomes in each domain. Where appropriate, the authors emphasize measures that can be used across a diverse range of programs to facilitate meaningful comparisons for quality improvement and data-informed decisionmaking.

Key Takeaways

  • Where possible, a standardized set of measures should be administered across programs and service areas to enable comparisons of performance across programs. Cross-cutting process measures that should be collected include characteristics at program entry of individuals served, indicators of service access and utilization and efforts to link individuals to other services, and whether services are delivered in a trauma-informed manner with cultural humility. For outcome measures, the satisfaction of individuals served and their behavioral health symptoms should be assessed across programs and service areas.
  • Programs in the crisis continuum service area should measure the timeliness of crisis response services, involvement of law enforcement in crisis responses, stabilization of mental health symptoms (i.e., reduction in severity of suicidal ideation and psychological distress), subsequent behavioral health crises and emergency service utilization, and criminal justice system involvement of individuals served.
  • Programs in the supportive housing service area should measure fidelity to the supportive housing model, immediate and sustained housing outcomes, employment and income, medical stabilization, functioning and quality of life, and social integration.
  • Programs in the forensic behavioral health service area should measure criminal history and characteristics, treatment characteristics (including use of evidence-based treatment practices), housing and employment outcomes, cross-domain functioning (including interpersonal functioning), and recidivism.

Topics

Document Details

  • Publisher: RAND Corporation
  • Availability: Web-Only
  • Year: 2025
  • Pages: 52
  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.7249/RRA3968-1
  • Document Number: RR-A3968-1

Citation

Chicago Manual of Style

Donofry, Shannon D., Daniel Siconolfi, Samantha Matthews, Avah Mousavi-Raad, and Nicole K. Eberhart, Evaluation Approaches for Key Fresno County Behavioral Health Services: Process and Outcomes Measurement for Crisis Continuum, Supportive Housing, and Forensic Behavioral Health Programs. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2025. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA3968-1.html.
BibTeX RIS

This publication is part of the RAND research report series. Research reports present research findings and objective analysis that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND research reports undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity.

RAND is a nonprofit institution that helps improve policy and decisionmaking through research and analysis. RAND's publications do not necessarily reflect the opinions of its research clients and sponsors.