Essay
Civilian Casualties: Lessons from the Battle for Raqqa
Jul 1, 2022
Urban Warfare
Urban Warfare
Urban warfare can take many forms, from guerrilla attacks to militia patrols to gang violence, but fighting in cities and towns—where civilians are at risk and combatants can hide more easily—is markedly different from combat in a more open or defined theater of operations. Determining how to assess enemies, mount a defense, and protect civilians is a focus of urban warfare research at RAND.
