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Appendixes A, B, and C

Details of the Case Studies

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This report presents the findings of research into the involvement of organized crime and terrorist groups in counterfeiting products ranging from watches to automobile parts, from pharmaceuticals to computer software. It presents detailed case studies from around the globe in one area of counterfeiting, film piracy, to illustrate the broader problem of criminal — and perhaps terrorist — groups finding a new and not-much-discussed way of funding their activities. Piracy is high in payoff and low in risk, often taking place under the radar of law enforcement.

The case studies provide compelling evidence of a broad, geographically dispersed, and continuing connection between film piracy and organized crime, as well as evidence that terrorist groups have used the proceeds of film piracy to finance their activities.

Counterfeiting is a threat not only to the global information economy, but also to public safety and national security. Cooperation among law enforcement and governments around the world is needed in the battle against intellectual-property theft, and meaningful progress will require increased political will, strong legislation, consistent enforcement, deterrent sentencing, and innovative solutions. The report lays out an agenda of measures.

Increased global intelligence-gathering and sharing is needed to further illuminate the scope and nature of the connections between piracy and organized crime, and policymakers and law enforcement worldwide should reexamine the common but erroneous assumption that counterfeiting is a victimless crime.

Table of Contents

  • Chapter One

    Introduction: Defining the Issues

  • Chapter Two

    Organized Crime and Terrorism

  • Chapter Three

    The Shape of Counterfeiting and the Example of Film Piracy

  • Chapter Four

    Getting Down to Cases: Organized Crime and Film Piracy

  • Chapter Five

    Terrorism and Film Piracy: Known Cases

  • Chapter Six

    The Role of Governments: “Protected Spaces” for Crime

  • Chapter Seven

    Innovations in Enforcement

  • Chapter Eight

    The Way Forward

This research was conducted jointly under the auspices of the Safety and Justice Program within RAND Infrastructure, Safety, and Environment and the RAND Center for Global Risk and Security, part of International Programs at RAND.

This report is part of the RAND Corporation Monograph series. RAND monographs present major research findings that address the challenges facing the public and private sectors. All RAND monographs undergo rigorous peer review to ensure high standards for research quality and objectivity.

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