RAND Europe was commissioned to undertake a study into violence and disorder at major international sporting events. This study gathers and critically assesses the available evidence into the prevalence, nature and causes of violence and disorder at other major sporting events, and to draw on promising practices to prevent and respond to these harms.

Violent and antisocial behaviour at football events and strategies to prevent and respond to these behaviours

Final synthesis report

Lucy Strang, Emma Disley

ResearchPublished Dec 11, 2018

Cover: Violent and antisocial behaviour at football events and strategies to prevent and respond to these behaviours
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Qatar University commissioned RAND Europe to undertake a study into violence and disorder at international sporting events. In preparing for the 2022 World Cup, the Qatari authorities recognised that there was an opportunity to learn from the available research into the prevalence, nature and causes of violence and disorder at other sporting events, and to draw on promising practices to prevent and respond to these harms.

Key Takeaways

  • While there is no single factor that causes disorder in football crowds, evidence suggests that some interventions can be effective in preventing and responding to violent and antisocial behaviour. This means that host nations should be able to take practical steps to minimise the chances of disorder during a tournament.
  • There is a menu of 'promising practices' that event organisers can consider.
  • There are opportunities for further research before, during and after Qatar 2022.

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Strang, Lucy and Emma Disley, Violent and antisocial behaviour at football events and strategies to prevent and respond to these behaviours: Final synthesis report. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2018. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR2904.html.
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The research described in this report was commissioned by Qatar University and conducted by RAND Europe.

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