Research Brief
How African Institutions Help Keep the Peace
Jun 28, 2019
What have the peacekeeping missions undertaken by African institutions in Burundi, the Central African Republic, Darfur, the Comoros, Somalia, and the Lake Chad Basin achieved? The authors assess how these missions responded to challenges in the areas of security, humanitarian relief, governance and civil administration, democratization, and economic reconstruction.
An Examination of African-Led Peace Operations
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Three previous RAND volumes examined the record of American-, United Nations (UN)--, and European-led peacekeeping, peace enforcement, and postconflict stabilization operations. This volume considers similar missions by the African Union and several subregional African organizations. These missions range from mediation and traditional peacekeeping to peace enforcement and extended counterinsurgency campaigns. This report contains case studies of six of these missions in Burundi, the Central African Republic, Darfur, the Comoros, Somalia, and the Lake Chad Basin. The case studies are followed by a statistical comparison of U.S., UN, European, and African missions. The report concludes with recommendations for the relevant African institutions, the UN, and other organizations and governments interested in peace and security in Africa.
Of the six missions examined, two were ultimately successful, and three have shown some progress. What is most remarkable and commendable about Africa's institutional role in regional peace operations is the level of cooperation generally achieved among the states most directly affected by these conflicts. African countries do not all agree with one another but instead have established effective consultation processes. They are also able to form ad hoc coalitions to pursue their shared interests. African-led peace operations have shown the flexibility to undertake a range of different types of tasks, up to and including high-intensity combat, under different subregional or continent-wide institutions, supported by varying partners. African institutions will likely develop new capabilities for peace operations, especially if new funds become available.
Chapter One
Introduction
Chapter Two
Burundi
Chapter Three
Central African Republic
Chapter Four
Darfur, Sudan
Chapter Five
Comoros
Chapter Six
Somalia
Chapter Seven
The MNJTF, Response to Boko Haram
Chapter Eight
Comparative Analysis
Chapter Nine
Conclusions
Appendix A
Nation-Building Supporting Data
Appendix B
Performance Indicators
This research was sponsored by the Carnegie Corporation of New York. It was conducted jointly by the International Security and Defense Policy Center within the RAND National Security Research Division (NSRD) and the African Centre for the Constructive Resolution of Disputes (ACCORD).
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