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Preventive Health Care

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Gender Differences in Response to Alcohol Use Disorder Treatment: A Systematic Review

If men and women respond differently to treatments for alcohol use disorder, this would be important to consider in treatment selection. The authors of this systematic review sought to synthesize evidence for gender differences in treatment effects.

Nov 6, 2019
Report

Report

Improving U.S. Military Accession Medical Screening Systems

The project team outlined advantages and disadvantages of the two main systems for medically screening applicants to the U.S. armed forces and recommended a hybrid model as potentially more effective and efficient.

Oct 24, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Urban Religious Congregations' Responses to Community Substance Use: An Exploratory Study of Four Cases

This paper explores the characteristics of congregation-based substance abuse disorder treatment programs in a diverse sample of urban religious congregations.

Oct 22, 2019
Journal Article

Randomized Clinical Trial Examining Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Individuals With a First-Time DUI Offense

The current study aims to elucidate the effectiveness of the services DUI programs provide compared to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to prevent impaired driving.

Sep 24, 2019
Journal Article

Access to Office-Based Buprenorphine Treatment in Areas With High Rates of Opioid-Related Mortality: An Audit Study

In the six jurisdictions with the highest rate of opioid-related mortality in 2016, the most prominent barrier to accessing buprenorphine treatment was the difficulty of finding clinicians.

Sep 23, 2019
Report

How Law Enforcement Can Fight the Opioid Crisis

Law enforcement has a unique role in addressing the opioid crisis because it interacts with those affected by it on a day-to-day basis. Promising efforts include connecting people with opioid use disorder to treatment, collaborating to achieve community buy-in, and protecting officers on the front lines.

Sep 6, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Business Cycles and Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment

The relationship between business cycles and health is theoretically complex. In a seminal paper, Ruhm (2000) outlined a series of economic mechanisms through which business cycles may influence health.

Aug 6, 2019
Research Brief

Federal Block Grants to States for Mental Health, Substance Abuse, and Homelessness: Potential Improvements to Funding Formulas

RAND researchers analyzed the formulas for distributing funds to states under three block grants for services related to mental health, substance abuse, and homelessness (unchanged since 1992) to determine whether they should be modified.

Jun 19, 2019
Report

Review and Evaluation of the Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Homelessness Grant Formulas

RAND researchers analyzed the formulas for distributing funds to states under three block grants for services related to mental health, substance abuse, and homelessness (unchanged since 1992) to determine whether they should be modified.

Jun 19, 2019
Report

Identifying Safety-Net Resources at Health Centers to Prevent Infectious Disease Transmission Resulting from the Opioid Epidemic

This study highlights factors that affect Community Health Centers' ability to reduce infectious disease transmission related to the opioid epidemic.

Jun 18, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Randomized Controlled Dissemination Study of Community-to-Clinic Navigation to Promote CRC Screening: Study Design and Implications

The purpose of this study is to extend the pilot study in a group-randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of tailored messaging delivered by Community Health Navigators to guide individuals from especially hard-to-reach, multicultural, and underinsured communities into primary care clinics for referral for CRC screening (Phase I) and to continue navigation after referral to track effects of the intervention on completion of CRC screening (Phase II).

Jun 11, 2019
Journal Article

Association Between State Laws Facilitating Pharmacy Distribution of Naloxone and Risk of Fatal Overdose

Although many states have passed some type of law affecting naloxone availability, only laws allowing direct dispensing by pharmacists appear to be useful. Communities in which access to naloxone is improved should prepare for increases in nonfatal overdoses and link these individuals to effective treatment.

May 22, 2019
News Release

Allowing Pharmacists to Directly Dispense Opioid Antidote Can Sharply Cut Opioid Overdose Deaths

Allowing pharmacists to dispense the opioid antidote naloxone without a physician's prescription can sharply reduce the incidence of fatal opioid-related overdoses. States that adopted such laws saw fatal opioid overdoses fall by an average of 27 percent during the second year following passage and 34 percent in subsequent years.

May 6, 2019
Project

Evaluation of Drug and Alcohol "Payment by Results" Pilots

RAND Europe conducted an independent evaluation of the UK Department of Health's drug and alcohol recovery payment-by-results pilots to determine whether market forces can encourage the development of better recovery programs.

May 3, 2019
Blog

A Holistic Approach to Solving the Opioid Crisis

While federal, state and, local governments deploy strategies to tackle the opioid crisis, the problem continues to proliferate. RAND researchers suggest that these strategies fail to solve the larger problem because they've largely been developed in silos. The opioid crisis is an ecosystem, and mitigating the problem will require a holistic approach.

Apr 15, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Evaluation of the Drugs and Alcohol Recovery Payment by Results Pilot Programme: Final Report

An evaluation of how the PbR approach can help to provide different schemes that support the recovery of individuals from drug and alcohol dependence and their successful re-integration into their communities.

Apr 11, 2019
Tool

Simulation of County Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) Rates Tool

This web-based tool aims to inform policymakers about the rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome by county across eight states from 2009 to 2015. This analysis is displayed via maps and interactive charts.

Mar 15, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Rates and Impact of Adherence to Recommended Care for Unhealthy Alcohol Use

The objectives of this study were to describe quality of care for unhealthy alcohol use among patients visiting primary care settings and to determine whether better quality of alcohol care was linked to reduced alcohol consumption 6 months later.

Mar 7, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Initiation and Engagement as Mechanisms for Change Caused by Collaborative Care in Opioid and Alcohol Use Disorders

This research sheds light on how collaborative care (CC) may work to increase abstinence in a sample of primary care patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders (OAUD).

Mar 7, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Predictors of Treatment Initiation for Alcohol Use Disorders in Primary Care

This study suggests that either treatment may not be delivered equitably or that patient preference may be an important factor in determining who gets what treatment.

Mar 7, 2019

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