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Preventive Health Care

Research Brief

Federal Block Grants to States for Mental Health, Substance Abuse, and Homelessness: Potential Improvements to Funding Formulas

RAND researchers analyzed the formulas for distributing funds to states under three block grants for services related to mental health, substance abuse, and homelessness (unchanged since 1992) to determine whether they should be modified.

Jun 19, 2019
Report

Review and Evaluation of the Substance Abuse, Mental Health, and Homelessness Grant Formulas

RAND researchers analyzed the formulas for distributing funds to states under three block grants for services related to mental health, substance abuse, and homelessness (unchanged since 1992) to determine whether they should be modified.

Jun 19, 2019
Report

Identifying Safety-Net Resources at Health Centers to Prevent Infectious Disease Transmission Resulting from the Opioid Epidemic

This study highlights factors that affect Community Health Centers' ability to reduce infectious disease transmission related to the opioid epidemic.

Jun 18, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Randomized Controlled Dissemination Study of Community-to-Clinic Navigation to Promote CRC Screening: Study Design and Implications

The purpose of this study is to extend the pilot study in a group-randomized controlled trial to test the effectiveness of tailored messaging delivered by Community Health Navigators to guide individuals from especially hard-to-reach, multicultural, and underinsured communities into primary care clinics for referral for CRC screening (Phase I) and to continue navigation after referral to track effects of the intervention on completion of CRC screening (Phase II).

Jun 11, 2019
Journal Article

Association Between State Laws Facilitating Pharmacy Distribution of Naloxone and Risk of Fatal Overdose

Although many states have passed some type of law affecting naloxone availability, only laws allowing direct dispensing by pharmacists appear to be useful. Communities in which access to naloxone is improved should prepare for increases in nonfatal overdoses and link these individuals to effective treatment.

May 22, 2019
News Release

Allowing Pharmacists to Directly Dispense Opioid Antidote Can Sharply Cut Opioid Overdose Deaths

Allowing pharmacists to dispense the opioid antidote naloxone without a physician's prescription can sharply reduce the incidence of fatal opioid-related overdoses. States that adopted such laws saw fatal opioid overdoses fall by an average of 27 percent during the second year following passage and 34 percent in subsequent years.

May 6, 2019
Project

Evaluation of Drug and Alcohol "Payment by Results" Pilots

RAND Europe conducted an independent evaluation of the UK Department of Health's drug and alcohol recovery payment-by-results pilots to determine whether market forces can encourage the development of better recovery programs.

May 3, 2019
Blog

A Holistic Approach to Solving the Opioid Crisis

While federal, state and, local governments deploy strategies to tackle the opioid crisis, the problem continues to proliferate. RAND researchers suggest that these strategies fail to solve the larger problem because they've largely been developed in silos. The opioid crisis is an ecosystem, and mitigating the problem will require a holistic approach.

Apr 15, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Evaluation of the Drugs and Alcohol Recovery Payment by Results Pilot Programme: Final Report

An evaluation of how the PbR approach can help to provide different schemes that support the recovery of individuals from drug and alcohol dependence and their successful re-integration into their communities.

Apr 11, 2019
Tool

Simulation of County Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) Rates Tool

This web-based tool aims to inform policymakers about the rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome by county across eight states from 2009 to 2015. This analysis is displayed via maps and interactive charts.

Mar 15, 2019
Commentary

Addressing Federal Conflicts Over Supervised Drug Consumption Sites

With drug overdose deaths mounting, some American cities are trying to create designated spaces where people who use heroin and other drugs can have their consumption supervised by medical professionals. The Department of Justice argues these sites would violate federal law, but federal decisionmakers have several options.

Mar 14, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Rates and Impact of Adherence to Recommended Care for Unhealthy Alcohol Use

The objectives of this study were to describe quality of care for unhealthy alcohol use among patients visiting primary care settings and to determine whether better quality of alcohol care was linked to reduced alcohol consumption 6 months later.

Mar 7, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Initiation and Engagement as Mechanisms for Change Caused by Collaborative Care in Opioid and Alcohol Use Disorders

This research sheds light on how collaborative care (CC) may work to increase abstinence in a sample of primary care patients with opioid and alcohol use disorders (OAUD).

Mar 7, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Predictors of Treatment Initiation for Alcohol Use Disorders in Primary Care

This study suggests that either treatment may not be delivered equitably or that patient preference may be an important factor in determining who gets what treatment.

Mar 7, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Evidence for Misspecification of a Nationally Used Quality Measure for Substance Use Treatment

Our results suggest that the omission of MAT in the current version of the HEDIS measure "Initiation and Engagement of Alcohol and Other Drug Dependence Treatment" results in meaningful measurement error.

Mar 6, 2019
Journal Article

Journal Article

Study Design to Evaluate Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Among a Diverse Sample of Adults with a First-Time DUI Offense

The proposed study addresses 2 important public health problems: (1) Individuals convicted of a DUI are mandated to attend a DUI program, but many recidivate and, (2) There is a disproportionate lack of access to AUD treatment for Latino populations.

Mar 6, 2019
Research Brief

Training in Psychotherapy (TIP) Tool: Supporting the Availability of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies in Community Settings

Evidence-based psychotherapies improve symptoms and speed recovery from mental health conditions. The Training in Psychotherapy (TIP) tool helps ensure that psychotherapy training meets the needs of providers and supports competent delivery.

Dec 20, 2018
News Release

News Release

Providing Supervised Medical-Grade Heroin to Heavy Users Can Reduce Harms; Approach Merits Pilot Study in U.S.

Providing supervised access to medical-grade heroin to people whose use continues after trying multiple traditional treatments has been successful in other countries, and should be piloted and studied in the United States.

Dec 6, 2018
Report

Considering Heroin-Assisted Treatment and Supervised Drug Consumption Sites in America

Increasing access to medications like methadone and buprenorphine is essential to addressing the U.S. opioid crisis. But the severity of the crisis warrants examining additional interventions. What does the evidence suggest about heroin-assisted treatment and supervised consumption sites? And what are some of the issues associated with implementing them in the United States?

Dec 5, 2018
Tool

Training Clinicians to Deliver Evidence-Based Psychotherapy: Development of the Training in Psychotherapy (TIP) Tool

The Training in Psychotherapy (TIP) Tool can be applied to community-based psychotherapy trainings to assess their alignment with elements that enhance effectiveness. This document includes the TIP Tool, a user guide, and details on tool development.

Nov 15, 2018

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