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Women's Health

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Women have unique health needs, and face inequity in both quality and outcomes of health care. RAND's work has highlighted gender gaps in health care access and quality, measured the health needs of specific female populations, evaluated programs aimed at improving outcomes, and demonstrated how policy impacts women's options.

Research Brief

Mapping Gender Gaps in Health Care

Jun 11, 2014

Mapping regional rates of cholesterol screening among patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes reveals significant gender gaps: Women are often less likely to receive screenings.
Report

Evaluating the Impact of the Nigerian Midwives Service Scheme

Sep 15, 2015

To improve maternal and child health, the Nigerian government introduced the Midwives Service Scheme (MSS), a program to increase access to skilled care in rural areas. Experts evaluated the impact of MSS and found that initial improvements were not sustained.

Explore Women's Health

Journal Article

Journal Article

Primary Care Providers with More Experience and Stronger Self-Efficacy Beliefs Regarding Women Veterans Screen More Frequently for Interpersonal Violence

Some primary care provider experiences and beliefs regarding women's health care influence rates of screening for military sexual trauma (MST) and/or intimate partner violence (IPV) .

Sep 6, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Factors Contributing to Food Insecurity Among Women Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: A Qualitative Study

Economic instability is the key driver of food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.

Aug 29, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

From Pill to Condom, or Nothing at All: HIV Diagnosis and Discontinuation of Highly Effective Contraceptives Among Women in Northeast Brazil

HIV care providers have an opportunity to increase HEC coverage among HIV-positive women by preventing HEC discontinuation or encouraging HEC resumption among discontinuers.

Jul 26, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Going to Scale: Design and Implementation Challenges of a Program to Increase Access to Skilled Birth Attendants in Nigeria

A program to increase the number of skilled birth attendants in Nigeria was hampered by design, implementation and operational challenges.

Jun 13, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Physician Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations Following Guideline Changes: Results of a National Survey

Physicians' recommendations for when to start and end breast cancer screening vary, depending on their level of trust with the guideline-issuing organization.

May 23, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Persistent Barriers to Care: A Qualitative Study to Understand Women's Experiences in Areas Served by the Midwives Service Scheme in Nigeria

The Nigerian Midwives Service Scheme (MSS) is an ambitious human resources project created in 2009 to address supply side barriers to accessing care.

Mar 15, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Attitudes, Practices, and Experiences with Implementing a Patient-Centered Medical Home for Women Veterans

Strengthening positive attitudes toward female veterans may matter more than changing women’s health practice characteristics alone.

Mar 14, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Readmission and Prolapse Recurrence After Abdominal and Vaginal Apical Suspensions in Older Women

Older women who have vaginal apical suspensions compared with abdominal sacrocolpopexy with synthetic mesh have lower rates of postoperative 30-day readmission without increased prolapse recurrence.

Feb 7, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Differences in Depression Care for Men and Women Among Veterans with and Without Psychiatric Comorbidities

VA is providing appropriate care for depression to both men and women, with no significant gender differences.

Jan 27, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Substance Use Diagnoses, Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders, and Treatment Initiation Among HIV-positive and HIV-negative Women in an Integrated Health Plan

HIV-positive women with substance use disorders are less likely than their HIV-negative counterparts to initiate treatment for substance abuse.

Nov 9, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Schooling, Marriage, and Age at First Birth in Madagascar

The low school attainment, early marriage, and low age at first birth of females are major policy concerns in less developed countries. This study jointly estimated the determinants of educational attainment, marriage age, and age at first birth among females aged 12-25 in Madagascar.

Oct 31, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Cost-effectiveness of Combined Oral Bisphosphonate Therapy and Falls Prevention Exercise for Fracture Prevention in the USA

For white women aged 75-80, 1 year of exercise and 5 years of bisphosphonate therapy are effective at preventing osteoporitic fractures.

Oct 27, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Impact of Incident Diabetes on Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease According to Statin Use History Among Postmenopausal Women

Regardless of statin use, postmenopausal women with new-onset diabetes had a significantly increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.

Oct 18, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Follow-up of Abnormal Breast and Colorectal Cancer Screening by Race/Ethnicity

Follow-up was more prompt for women with abnormal mammograms than for women with abnormal fecal occult blood testing or fecal immunochemical tests.

Oct 10, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Community Engagement Compared with Technical Assistance to Disseminate Depression Care Among Low-Income, Minority Women: A Randomized Controlled Effectiveness Study

Community engagement approaches to health and social programs may offer modest improvements on depression outcomes among low-income minority women.

Sep 13, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

Individual and Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status and the Association Between Air Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease

Women living in disadvantaged neighborhoods may be more susceptible to air pollution-related health effects, but individual and neighborhood SES did not affect the positive association between long-term fine particulate matter and cardiovascular disease.

Sep 13, 2016
Report

Report

Cost Analysis of an Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Program In-School Model Site

This report analyzes the costs to implement the Children's Aid Society's Carrera Adolescent Pregnancy Prevention Program in-school model for one year for 880 students at one school district in Tulsa, Oklahoma.

Aug 30, 2016
News Release

News Release

New Tools Help Communities Deliver Teen Pregnancy Prevention Programs

Many organizations do not use programs backed by research or do not implement them well even when they do. A new web-based tool can help community leaders better plan and run their pregnancy prevention programs and achieve more positive outcomes.

Aug 5, 2016
Commentary

The Economic Rationale for Investing in Family Planning in Sub-Saharan Africa

Proven benefits to reduced fertility — or to delayed start to childbearing and greater spacing between births — include lower maternal mortality, fewer unsafe abortions, reduced risks from early childbearing, and women's ability to engage in more income-generating opportunities.

Aug 3, 2016
Journal Article

Journal Article

The Quality of Care Provided to Women with Urinary Incontinence in 2 Clinical Settings

New quality indicators can help identify areas of suboptimal care for women with urinary incontinence.

Jul 25, 2016

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