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Women's Health

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Women have unique health needs, and face inequity in both quality and outcomes of health care. RAND's work has highlighted gender gaps in health care access and quality, measured the health needs of specific female populations, evaluated programs aimed at improving outcomes, and demonstrated how policy impacts women's options.

Research Brief

Mapping Gender Gaps in Health Care

Jun 11, 2014

Mapping regional rates of cholesterol screening among patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes reveals significant gender gaps: Women are often less likely to receive screenings.
Report

Evaluating the Impact of the Nigerian Midwives Service Scheme

Sep 15, 2015

To improve maternal and child health, the Nigerian government introduced the Midwives Service Scheme (MSS), a program to increase access to skilled care in rural areas. Experts evaluated the impact of MSS and found that initial improvements were not sustained.

Explore Women's Health

Journal Article

Journal Article

Stigma Gets in My Way: Factors Affecting Client-Provider Communication Regarding Childbearing Among People Living with HIV in Uganda

Among Ugandan HIV clients and health care providers, communication about childbearing needs is poor and associated with stigma.

Apr 10, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Fertility Behaviors in South Korea and Their Association with Ultrasound Prenatal Sex Screening

Using the 1985, 1995, and 2005 Korean Censuses, we find significant period effects suggesting that sex ratios at birth became unnaturally imbalanced when ultrasound technology became available..

Mar 14, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Fertility, Gender Preference, the Birth Planning Policy and Life Satisfaction in China

Investigation of Birth Planning Policy effect on parity-specific birth continuation probabilities and parental life satisfaction as a function of the numbers and gender composition of children both before and after the implementation of the BPP.

Mar 14, 2018
Research Brief

Evaluating Global Family Planning Programs

In 2013, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation launched two programs to help track progress toward a global goal to increase modern contraceptive use by 2020. Evaluating these programs, researchers found opportunities for improvement in four areas.

Feb 5, 2018
Report

Evaluation of Two Programs Supporting Global Family Planning Data Needs: Assessing Achievements, Informing Future Directions

This evaluation of two programs that help monitor progress toward a global goal to increase modern contraceptive use by 2020 is based on qualitative and quantitative data from interviews with more than 260 stakeholders in 16 countries.

Feb 5, 2018
Report

Evaluation of Two Programs Supporting Global Family Planning Data Needs: Summary

This report summarizes an evaluation of two programs that help monitor progress toward a global goal to increase modern contraceptive use by 2020.

Feb 5, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Effect of Time to Diagnostic Testing for Breast, Cervical, and Colorectal Cancer Screening Abnormalities on Screening Efficacy: A Modeling Study

Even relatively small delays in diagnostic testing after an abnormal cancer screening test can reduce screening effectiveness, though the impact varies by cancer type.

Jan 24, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Specialty Societies and Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations--Reply

Gynecologists order twice as many mammograms as family medicine and/or general practice physicians; physician specialty society guidelines may account for this wide variation.

Jan 24, 2018
Journal Article

Journal Article

Health Care at Birth and Infant Mortality: Evidence from Nighttime Deliveries in Nigeria

Ensuring that Nigerian women giving birth have access to health facilities will likely reduce infant mortality.

Dec 29, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Linking Reminders and Physician Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations: Results From a National Survey

Physicians are more likely to recommend mammograms when they are reminded to do so, despite variation in how much they trust mammogram guidelines.

Dec 18, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

When Guidelines Conflict: A Case Study of Mammography Screening Initiation in the 1990s

Analyzing the history of age-mammography patterns in the US may help us better understand and address current guideline conflicts.

Dec 5, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

A Cluster-Randomized Trial of Getting To Outcomes' Impact on Sexual Health Outcomes in Community-Based Settings

Getting to Outcomes, an implementation support intervention, can strengthen evidence-based teen pregnancy prevention programs.

Dec 5, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Primary Care Providers with More Experience and Stronger Self-Efficacy Beliefs Regarding Women Veterans Screen More Frequently for Interpersonal Violence

Some primary care provider experiences and beliefs regarding women's health care influence rates of screening for military sexual trauma (MST) and/or intimate partner violence (IPV) .

Sep 6, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Factors Contributing to Food Insecurity Among Women Living with HIV in the Dominican Republic: A Qualitative Study

Economic instability is the key driver of food insecurity among women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic.

Aug 29, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Safer Conception for Couples Affected by HIV: Structural and Cultural Considerations in the Delivery of Safer Conception Care in Uganda

Sociocultural and structural factors, such as a reluctance to discuss childbearing desires, can present barriers to the implementation of safer conception counseling for HIV-affected couples.

Aug 3, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

From Pill to Condom, or Nothing at All: HIV Diagnosis and Discontinuation of Highly Effective Contraceptives Among Women in Northeast Brazil

HIV care providers have an opportunity to increase HEC coverage among HIV-positive women by preventing HEC discontinuation or encouraging HEC resumption among discontinuers.

Jul 26, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Going to Scale: Design and Implementation Challenges of a Program to Increase Access to Skilled Birth Attendants in Nigeria

A program to increase the number of skilled birth attendants in Nigeria was hampered by design, implementation and operational challenges.

Jun 13, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Physician Breast Cancer Screening Recommendations Following Guideline Changes: Results of a National Survey

Physicians' recommendations for when to start and end breast cancer screening vary, depending on their level of trust with the guideline-issuing organization.

May 23, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Correlates of Electronic Cigarettes Use Before and During Pregnancy

Women of reproductive age were more likely to use electronic cigarettes than smoking cessation aids to quit smoking, suggesting an urgent need to understand the potential risks and benefits of e-cigarette use in this population.

May 19, 2017
Journal Article

Journal Article

Engaging Human Rights in the Response to the Evolving Zika Virus Epidemic

Public health responses to the Zika virus that incorporate a human rights perspective have the potential to be more equitable, effective, and sustainable interventions.

Mar 16, 2017

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