Navigating the AI-Energy Nexus with Geopolitical Insight

Nidhi Kalra, Robin Wang, Ismael Arciniegas Rueda

Published Jul 3, 2025

As of early 2025, the United States is the global leader in artificial intelligence (AI), but this leadership is at risk. Advancing AI will require large amounts of new, reliable, sustainable electricity. In this paper, the authors discuss the relative capacities for U.S. competitors to allocate resources for such strategic objectives as AI energy supremacy. They suggest that understanding competitiveness requires using informed data and analysis.

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Kalra, Nidhi, Robin Wang, and Ismael Arciniegas Rueda, Navigating the AI-Energy Nexus with Geopolitical Insight. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2025. https://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WRA3992-1.html.
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