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Medical Professionals

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Medical professionals include doctors, nurses, hospice workers, emergency medical technicians, and other trained caregivers. RAND research has analyzed retention and job satisfaction among medical professionals, examined civilian and military health care education and training, and explored the impact of the many policies that affect physicians' and nurses' duties and performance.

News Release
Despite Push to Reward Physicians for Quality and Value, Most Health Systems Base Pay on Volume
Despite efforts by insurance companies and other payers to move toward compensating physicians based on the quality and value of care they provide, most physicians employed in group practices owned by health systems are paid primarily based on the volume of care they provide.
Jan 28, 2022
Report
Assessing Burnout Among Military Health Care Providers
Health care provider burnout poses a threat to mental and behavioral health care for service members, veterans, and their families. How prevalent is burnout? What workplace factors are associated with increased risk for burnout? And what interventions could help?
May 3, 2022

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News Release
State Policies Requiring Education for Buprenorphine Prescribers Boosts Use of Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
States that want to increase access to buprenorphine, a lifesaving medication used to treat opioid use disorder, should consider efforts to enhance professional education and clinician knowledge.
May 26, 2023
Journal Article
Home Visiting for First-Time Parents: Community Innovation
We outline lessons from the First Born home visiting program for other universal programs, including the pros and cons of universal services, the expectation that universal programs will have population-level impact, and barriers to innovation.
May 25, 2023
Journal Article
The Impact of Nurse Practitioner-Led Primary Care on Quality and Cost for Medicaid-Enrolled Patients in States With Pay Parity
This retrospective cohort study evaluated the quality and cost implications of receiving primary care from nurse practitioners (NPs) compared to physicians in 14 states that reimburse NPs at the Medicaid fee-for-service physician rate (pay parity).
May 16, 2023
Essay
Mental Health First Aid: Training People to Help Others
An innovative program trains and empowers people to not look away from those experiencing mental illness, but to listen to them, reassure them, and encourage them to get help. Most trainees of the program in New York City were still using what they had learned five years later.
May 3, 2023
Journal Article
Methodology for a Six-State Survey of Primary Care Nurse Practitioners
To overcome the limitations of administrative data, we fielded a cross-sectional, mixed-mode (mail/online) survey of primary care NPs in six states to collect data directly from NPs on their clinical roles and practice environments.
Apr 12, 2023
Journal Article
Surveying Primary Care Nurse Practitioners: An Overview of National Sampling Frames
The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of national sampling frames that can be used by researchers interested in surveying or studying the U.S. primary care nurse practitioner workforce.
Apr 12, 2023
Journal Article
Practice Patterns, Work Environments, and Job Outcomes of Rural and Urban Primary Care Nurse Practitioners
This study compares urban and rural NPs using data from a survey of 1,244 primary care NPs in Arizona, California, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Washington.
Apr 12, 2023
Journal Article
Follow-Up Shadow Coaching Improves Primary Care Provider-Patient Interactions and Maintains Improvements When Conducted Regularly: A Spline Model Analysis
Re-coaching improved patient experience more than initial coaching, suggesting the reactivation of knowledge from initial coaching. However, re-coaching gains also eroded. Coaching should occur every 6–12 months to maintain behaviors and scores.
Mar 9, 2023
Journal Article
Low Tech, High Potential: Using Technology to Improve Communication Across Home Care Workers
Our findings suggest that a basic workflow process—communication among HCWs—is limited in many home care settings. Simple technologies could be developed to support HCWs to navigate the challenges of providing care to clients in their homes.
Mar 7, 2023
Commentary
RAND Experts on Veteran Mental Health Respond to the White House Mental Health Research Priorities
The White House identified eight research priorities to better manage America's current mental health crisis. RAND researchers highlight why each area is critical for veteran mental health and how RAND is contributing to address them.
Feb 20, 2023
Journal Article
An Exploratory Analysis of Differential Prescribing of High-Risk Opioids by Insurance Type Among Patients Seen by the Same Clinician
The objective of this paper is to explore how high-risk opioid analgesic prescribing varies by payer type among patients seeing the same prescriber and identify clinician characteristics associated with variable prescribing.
Feb 8, 2023
Report
The Benefits of Mental Health First Aid Training
More than 155,000 New Yorkers were trained in Mental Health First Aid between 2016 and 2020. They learned how to be active listeners, to provide reassurance and information, and to encourage professional care when appropriate. Most of the trainees ended up using their MHFA skills to support others and their own well-being.
Feb 7, 2023
Research Brief
Large-Scale Training in Mental Health First Aid: An Evaluation of New York City's 2016–2020 Efforts
In an evaluation of a city-wide effort to train New Yorkers in Mental Health First Aid, RAND researchers found that the majority of participants had used their skills to help friends, family, neighbors, and coworkers in the past six months.
Feb 7, 2023
Journal Article
Associations of Pediatric Nurse Burnout with Involvement in Quality Improvement
We examined the associations of inpatient pediatric nurse burnout with their perspectives on the importance of quality at the hospital, patient experience measurement, quality improvement, unit culture, and staffing.
Dec 2, 2022
Report
Peer-to-Peer Support Interventions for Health Care Providers: A Series of Literature Reviews
This report presents a series of literature reviews focused on the evidence for peer-to-peer interventions for health care providers receiving emotional support from colleagues.
Oct 31, 2022
Journal Article
Journaling Among Home Care Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Promising Method for Qualitative Data Collection
We explored the feasibility of a journaling process during a public health emergency, and reflect on lessons learned to guide future research on journaling for data collection, particularly for marginalized workers during public health crises.
Oct 24, 2022
Report
Health Care Consolidation: What Does the Evidence Say?
Hospital horizontal consolidation is associated with higher prices paid to providers. And there is some evidence of the same for vertical consolidation of hospitals and physician practices. What effect might the No Surprises Act—created to protect consumers from surprise medical bills—have on consolidation trends?
Sep 30, 2022
Journal Article
Physician Organizations' Use of Behavioral Nudges to Influence Physician Behavior
This paper investigates adoption of behavioral nudges by health system-affiliated physician organizations (POs), types of nudges being used, PO leader perceptions of nudge effectiveness, and implementation challenges.
Sep 20, 2022
Research Brief
Helping Caregivers Thrive? An Evaluation of a Direct Care Worker Retention Program
The 12-month program, Transformational Healthcare Readiness through Innovative Vocational Education, took a multipronged approach to addressing employment barriers for entry-level health care workers across three health systems from 2019 to 2021.
Sep 6, 2022
Report
An Evaluation of a Multisite, Health Systems–Based Direct Care Worker Retention Program: Key Findings and Recommendations
A mixed-methods evaluation of a program to help stem the loss of newly hired entry-level caregivers found no positive effect on retention or financial sustainability.
Sep 6, 2022

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RAND Topic:
Medical Professionals

Research conducted by

Researcher Spotlight

Eric Apaydin

Adjunct Policy Researcher

Eric Apaydin is an adjunct policy researcher at the RAND Corporation. He is also a core investigator in the Center for the Study of Healthcare Innovation, Implementation, and Policy at the VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System. Apaydin is primarily interested in health care workforce research…
Jay Balagna

Assistant Policy Researcher, RAND

Jay Balagna (he/him) is a Ph.D. student in the Community-Partnered Policy and Action stream at the Pardee RAND Graduate School and an assistant policy researcher at RAND. His research interests include disaster studies, disaster risk reduction and creation, the influence of climate change on…

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