To help the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) estimate the percentage of service members who experienced racial or ethnic harassment or discrimination in the past year, RAND Corporation researchers, with feedback from external experts and DoD representatives, developed a survey instrument. The authors of this report describe the instrument-development process, the instrument itself, and recommendations to support its use.

Survey for Assessing Racial/Ethnic Harassment and Discrimination in the U.S. Military

Miriam Matthews, Coreen Farris, Terry L. Schell, Kristie L. Gore

ResearchPublished Oct 18, 2021

Cover: Survey for Assessing Racial/Ethnic Harassment and Discrimination in the U.S. Military
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The U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) aims to estimate the percentage of service members who experienced racial or ethnic harassment or discrimination in the past year. The authors of this report provide information on a survey instrument that RAND Corporation researchers designed to help DoD obtain those estimates. The report describes the instrument-development process, the instrument itself, and recommendations to support its use.

Key Takeaways

  • The new survey instrument aligns with the redeveloped measure of sexual harassment and gender discrimination featured in the Workplace and Gender Relations surveys that DoD administers.
  • The new instrument includes three sections: (1) assessment of the occurrence of racial/ethnic harassment within the past year; (2) assessment of the occurrence of discrimination within the past year; and (3) among those who experienced these offenses, assessment of the event, the offender, and the response system.

Recommendations

  • Report the results in a way that will be most informative to Congress, DoD, and each service.
  • Widely disseminate the results of each survey wave in a timely manner.
  • Use the results to develop and improve efforts to prevent harassment and discrimination in the U.S. armed forces.
  • Drawing from survey results, revise the survey and survey methods as necessary.

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Matthews, Miriam, Coreen Farris, Terry L. Schell, and Kristie L. Gore, Survey for Assessing Racial/Ethnic Harassment and Discrimination in the U.S. Military. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2021. https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA1246-2.html.
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This research was sponsored by the Defense Manpower Data Center and the former Office of Diversity Management and Equal Opportunity and conducted within the Forces and Resources Policy Center of the RAND National Defense Research Institute.

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