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Health Behaviors

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Our New CEO, Algorithmic Bias, Equity in the Workplace: RAND Weekly Recap

This weekly recap focuses on what RAND’s new president and CEO envisions for the future, addressing bias in health care algorithms, creating equitable change in the workplace, and more.

Aug 5, 2022
Commentary

How Policies That Punish Pregnant Women Backfire

There is overwhelming evidence and consensus from the medical and public health communities that supportive approaches are what help pregnant women with substance use disorders. Unfortunately, the overturning of Roe v. Wade has opened the door for more policies that police and punish women rather than evidence-based solutions that we know can, do, and will save lives.

Aug 2, 2022
Journal Article

Legal Review of State Emergency Medical Services Policies and Protocols for Naloxone Administration

We provide data on the authority of providers at different emergency medical services licensure levels to administer naloxone. We also describe relevant policies regarding which administration routes and dosages are permitted for each licensure level.

Aug 2, 2022
Journal Article

How Much Illegally Manufactured Fentanyl Could the U.S. Be Consuming?

This article provides guidance through two thought experiments that provide a hypothetical upper bound on U.S. consumption of fentanyl.

Jul 28, 2022
Journal Article

Playing Defense? Health Care in the Era of Covid

This paper presents evidence that the quality of health care interactions changed in important ways during the early months of the Covid-19 pandemic.

Jul 28, 2022
Journal Article

Methodological Considerations for Estimating Policy Effects in the Context of Co-Occurring Policies

Researchers conducted simulations to assess how concurrently implemented policies affected the evaluation of hypothetical state-level policies.

Jul 15, 2022
Multimedia

988 Mental Health Hotline: Connecting People to Care

RAND researchers Stephanie Brooks Holliday and Ryan K. McBain describe findings from their recent work that examined how prepared states and counties are for the launch of 988, the new mental health emergency hotline.

Jul 14, 2022
Journal Article

Improving Diet Quality in U.S. Adults: A 30-Year Health and Economic Impact Microsimulation

Microsimulation (Future Adult Model) predicted 30-year improved diet quality impacts across 12 demographic groups. Diet improvement reduced prevalence of heart disease by 7.6% to 13.8% across groups and reduced healthcare costs by $10B in year 30.

Jul 12, 2022
Journal Article

Diet Quality Improvement and 30-Year Population Health and Economic Outcomes: A Microsimulation Study

Microsimulation (Future Adult Model) predicted 30-year US population changes from improved diet quality. Diet improvement reduced prevalence of diabetes, heart disease and stroke by 11%, 7%, and 10%, and reduced healthcare costs by $144B in year 30.

Jul 12, 2022
Report

Personal Firearm Storage in the United States: Recent Estimates, Patterns, and Effectiveness of Interventions

This report describes what is meant by safe firearm storage, provides estimates of U.S. gun owners' storage practices from representative surveys, and presents research on the effectiveness of interventions to change such practices.

Jul 11, 2022
Journal Article

Diet Quality in the United States Improved During the Great Recession and Deteriorated During Economic Recovery

During the Great Recession, American diets became more consistent with Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendations, possibly because of a shift toward food prepared at home instead of prepared food bought away from home.

Jul 7, 2022
Commercial Book

Assessing the Harms of Crime: A New Framework for Criminal Policy

Assessing the Harms of Crime provides a firm analytical foundation for making normative decisions about criminal and related policy, taking harm—and its reduction—as a conceptual starting point and supplying the means for systematic, empirical analysis in a harm assessment framework.

Jun 29, 2022
Blog

Synthetic Opioids, Ukrainian Grain, the Metaverse: RAND Weekly Recap

This weekly recap focuses on countering the illegal flow of synthetic opioids, freeing up Ukrainian grain to prevent famine, the importance of defining the metaverse, and more.

Jun 24, 2022
Journal Article

Volunteer Recovery Support for Adolescents: Using Propensity Score Based Methods to Understand Dosage Effects Within a Randomized Controlled Trial

The study used statistical methods designed to approximate RCTs when comparing more than two nonequivalent groups that include an assessment of the potential impact of omitted variables in order to address potential dosage effects for a commonly used evidence based substance use treatment program for adolescents.

Jun 24, 2022
Testimony

Giving Drug Policy Decisionmakers the Data They Need

Better data and analysis can help improve federal drug policy responses. With the appropriate funding, the United States could enhance its drug data infrastructure and ensure that drug policy is based on high-quality information.

Jun 24, 2022
Journal Article

Sleep Disturbances, Changes in Sleep, and Cognitive Function in Low-Income African Americans

In a predominantly African-American sample of older adults, worsening of sleep efficiency was associated with poorer cognitive function. Improving sleep health may support Alzheimer's prevention and reduce health disparities.

Jun 23, 2022
Journal Article

Advancing Research in Child Suicide: A Call to Action

This paper highlights the problem of child suicide, summarizes what is known and not known about the problem in the empirical literature, and provides recommendations with ethical considerations for future research and practice.

Jun 22, 2022
Journal Article

Clinical Pathway for Suicide Risk Screening in Adult Primary Care Settings: Special Recommendations

This paper describes a clinical suicide risk screening pathway for adult primary care practices. We also provide guidance to aid primary care practices in their decisions about how to implement the clinical pathway.

Jun 22, 2022
Journal Article

Comparative Effectiveness of Individual Versus Family-Based Substance Use Treatment on Adolescent Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors

We compared the effectiveness of individual- and family-based substance use treatments in reducing youth self-injurious thoughts and behaviors.

Jun 21, 2022
Journal Article

Military Service Branch Differences in Alcohol Use, Tobacco Use, Prescription Drug Misuse, and Mental Health Conditions

Using data from the 2015 Department of Defense Health Related Behaviors Survey, we estimated service branch-specific prevalences of substance use and mental health outcomes.

Jun 21, 2022

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RAND Topic:
Health Behaviors

Topic Synonyms:
Health Behaviour

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