Implementing Effective Reporting Programs for K–12 School Safety Efforts

Improving Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management Implementation in K–12 Schools—Part 2

Pauline Moore, Brian A. Jackson, Jennifer T. Leschitz, Melissa Kay Diliberti, Ivy Todd, Sophia Bokaie

Published Dec 29, 2025

This working paper explores how K–12 schools can build and maintain effective reporting systems as part of behavioral threat assessment and management programs. It identifies strategies to improve how schools define, promote, and act on safety concerns; ensure that reports reach the right teams; foster trust and participation; and ultimately strengthen violence prevention and school safety efforts.

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Moore, Pauline, Brian A. Jackson, Jennifer T. Leschitz, Melissa Kay Diliberti, Ivy Todd, and Sophia Bokaie, Implementing Effective Reporting Programs for K–12 School Safety Efforts: Improving Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management Implementation in K–12 Schools—Part 2. Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center operated by the RAND Corporation, 2025. https://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WRA3658-2.html.
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This research was sponsored by the United States Secret Service/National Threat Assessment Center and conducted in the Infrastructure, Immigration, & Security Operations Program of the RAND Homeland Security Research Division (HSRD).

This publication is part of the RAND working paper series. RAND working papers are intended to share researchers' latest findings and to solicit informal peer review. They have been approved for circulation by RAND but may not have been formally edited or peer reviewed.

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