Improving Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management Implementation in K–12 Schools

Technical Material

Brian A. Jackson, Pauline Moore, Jennifer T. Leschitz, Melissa Kay Diliberti, Ivy Todd, Sophia Bokaie

Published Dec 29, 2025

This working paper describes the research design and methods underpinning five working papers examining how U.S. schools implement behavioral threat assessment and management programs. It documents reviews of existing models and literature, a national survey of school principals, and interviews with school principals exploring practices that support fair and effective school safety efforts.

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Jackson, Brian A., Pauline Moore, Jennifer T. Leschitz, Melissa Kay Diliberti, Ivy Todd, and Sophia Bokaie, Improving Behavioral Threat Assessment and Management Implementation in K–12 Schools: Technical Material. Homeland Security Operational Analysis Center operated by the RAND Corporation, 2025. https://www.rand.org/pubs/working_papers/WRA3658-6.html.
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This research was sponsored by the United States Secret Service/National Threat Assessment Center and conducted in the Infrastructure, Immigration, & Security Operations Program of the RAND Homeland Security Research Division.

This publication is part of the RAND working paper series. RAND working papers are intended to share researchers' latest findings and to solicit informal peer review. They have been approved for circulation by RAND but may not have been formally edited or peer reviewed.

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